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Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, France EURATOM FP7 MAX project coordinator

Overview of the MYRRHA accelerator & presentation of the MAX project. Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, France EURATOM FP7 MAX project coordinator. Background The MYRRHA accelerator concept Review of the MYRRHA linac design. The MYRRHA project. MYRRHA Project

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Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, France EURATOM FP7 MAX project coordinator

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  1. Overviewof the MYRRHA accelerator& presentation of the MAX project Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, FranceEURATOM FP7 MAX projectcoordinator J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  2. Background • The MYRRHA accelerator concept • Review of the MYRRHA linac design J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  3. The MYRRHA project MYRRHA Project Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications At Mol (Belgium) Development, construction & commissioning of a new large fast neutron research infrastructure to be operational in 2023  ADS demonstrator  Fast neutron irradiation facility  Pilot plant for LFR technology See Introduction talk by H. Aït Abderrahim (SCK•CEN) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  4. The MYRRHA accelerator: background • End 90’s: several collaborative R&D activities worldwide on ADS accelerators (APT/AAA, TRASCO, etc. w/ especially a CEA/CNRS/INFN collaboration) • 2001: “The European roadmap for developing ADS for Nuclear Waste Incineration”, European Technical Working Group on ADS (chaired by C. Rubbia, ENEA) • 2002: pre-design “Myrrha Draft 1” (cyclotron 350 MeV) • 2002-2004: MYRRHA is studied as one of the 3 reactor designs within the PDS-XADS FP5 project(coord. Framatome/AREVA)(cyclotron turns into linac, first reliability analyses show a need for fault-tolerance capability) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  5. The MYRRHA accelerator: background • 2005: updated pre-design “Myrrha Draft 2” (linac 350 MeV) • 2005-2010: MYRRHA is studied as the XT-ADS demo within the EUROTRANS FP6 project(coord. FZK)(600 MeVlinac conceptual design, R&D activities w/ focus on reliability) • 2010:MYRRHA is on the ESFRI list, and officially supported by the Belgium government at a 40% level (384M€, w/ 60M€ already engaged) • 2010-2014: MYRRHA accelerator advanced design phase w/ support from the EURATOM FP7 projects (MAX especially) • 2015-2019: possible construction phase • 2020-2023: possible commissioning phase & progressive start-up J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  6. CDT Reactor design SCK●CEN FREYA GUINEVERE experiment SCK●CEN MAX Accelerator design CNRS MYRRHA within EURATOM FP7: 2010-2014 See Conclusion talk by R. Garbil (EC) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  7. The MAX project • MAX = “Myrrha Accelerator eXperiment, research & development programme” • 3 years & coordinated by CNRS • 2011 – 2012 – 2013 (February 2011 to January 2014) • Goal of the project = support the transition from the EUROTRANS “conceptual design phase” to the MYRRHA pre-construction “engineering design phase” • Pursue the R&D related to ADS-type accelerators, that request a “beyond the state-of-the-art” reliability level • Follow up of FP5 PDS-XADS & FP6 EUROTRANS activities • Fine-tune the design of the driver accelerator for the MYRRHA system • To initiate a possible MYRRHA detailed engineering design & subsequent construction phase starting at the end of the MAX project • Key data • Call identifier: FP7-FISSION-2010 • Collaborative Project – Small/medium-scale Focused (CP-FP) • Project cost: 4.9 M€ total cost – 2.9 M€ EU contribution • With a total involvement of about 300 p.m. (8 persons FTE) from 11 partners J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  8. The MAX project WP1: Global accelerator design WP2: Injectordevelopments WP3: Main linacdevelopments WP4: System optimisation http://ipnweb.in2p3.fr/MAX/ J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  9. Background • The MYRRHA accelerator concept • Review of the MYRRHA linac design J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  10. MYRRHA as an ADS demonstrator • Demonstrate the physics and technology of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) for transmuting long-lived radioactive waste • Demonstrate the ADS concept (coupling accelerator + spallation source + power reactor) • Demonstrate the transmutation(experimentalassemblies) Main features of the ADS demo 50-100 MWth power Highly-enriched MOX fuel Pb-Bi Eutectic coolant & target keff around 0.95 in subcritical mode 600 MeV, 2.5 - 4 mA proton beam J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  11. Choice of the proton beamenergy: 600 MeV Power densitydeposited in LBE   Accelerator cost  J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  12. Choice of the proton beamcurrent: 4mA Current / Energy / Sub-Criticityfor a 80 MWtherm ADS demo (simulation by ANSALDO) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  13. MYRRHA proton beamrequirements High power proton beam (up to 2.4 MW) Extremereliabilitylevel J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  14. The ADS reliabilityrequirement • Beam trips longer than 3 sec must be very rare: • To limitthermal stress & fatigue on the target window, reactor structures & fuel assemblies • To ensure a 80% availability– given the foreseen reactor start-up procedures • Present MYRRHA spécifications: <10 beam trips per 3-monthoperationperiod(i.e. MTBF > 250h) – derived from the PHENIX reactor operation analysis • Far above present HPPA accelerator performance – MTBF is a few hours at PSI or SNS • Far abovepresent ADS specifications in US or Japan– mainly based on simulations D. Vandeplassche, IPAC2012 J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  15. The ADS reliabilityrequirement • Beam trips longer than 3 sec must be very rare: • To limitthermal stress & fatigue on the target window, reactor structures & fuel assemblies • To ensure a 80% availability– given the foreseen reactor start-up procedures • Present MYRRHA spécifications: <10 beam trips per 3-monthoperationperiod(i.e. MTBF > 250h) – derived from the PHENIX reactor operation analysis • Far above present HPPA accelerator performance – MTBF is a few hours at PSI or SNS • Far abovepresent ADS specifications in US or Japan– based on simulations • In any case, reliability guidelines are needed for the ADS accelerator design: • Strong design i.e. robust optics, simplicity, low thermal stress, operation margins… • Redundancy (serial where possible, or parallel) to be able to tolerate failures • Repairability(on-line where possible) and efficient maintenance schemes J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  16. Genericscheme of the European ADS accelerator • Modular SC main linac • Upgradeable concept (demo, transmuter) • Independently-controlled elements • The function of a missing element can be replaced by retuning adjacent elements (“FAULT-TOLERANCE”) • Redundant injector • Fault-tolerance is non applicable (β<0.15) • Minimized number of elements • Spare stand-by injector with fast switching capabilities J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  17.  Initial configuration  The failure is localized in injector Operational injector 1: RF + PS + beam ON The switching magnet polarity is changed (~1s) - + Warm stand-by injector 2: RF+ PS ON, beam OFF (on FC)  A failure is detected anywhere  Beam is resumed Failed injector 1, to be repaired on-line if possible Beam is stopped in injector 1 by the Machine Protection System @t0 - + Injector 2 operational (@t1 < t0 +3sec) Strategy for a fault case in the injector Need for an efficient fault diagnostic system ! J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  18. Fastfault-recoveryprocedure  A failure is detected anywhere → Beam is stopped by the MPS in injector at t0  The fault is localized in a SC cavity RF loop → Need for an efficient fault diagnostic system  New V/φ set-points are updated in cavities adjacent to the failed one → Set-points determined via virtual accelerator application and/or at the commissioning phase  The failedcavityisdetuned (to avoid the beamloadingeffect) → Using the Cold Tuning System  Once steady state is reached, beam is resumed at t1 < t0 + 3sec → Failed RF cavity system to be repaired on-line if possible J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  19. Background • The MYRRHA accelerator concept • Review of the MYRRHA linac design J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  20. Layout of the MYRRHA linac J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  21. Layout of the MYRRHA linac J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  22. WP1 – Global accelerator design H. Klein (IAP): MYRRHA injector design (Monday 11:00) J-L. Biarrotte (CNRS): SC linac design & associated MEBT (Monday 11:35) L. Perrot (CNRS): High-energybeamlines(Monday 12:10) from the CDT work F. Bouly (CNRS): Beamtolerance to RF faults(Monday 14:30) D. Uriot (CEA): Instrumentation & operation aspects (Monday 15:00) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  23. WP2 – Injectordevelopments C. Zhang (IAP): Injectorlayout & beamdynamics(Monday 15:50) H. Podlech (IAP): Cavitydevelopment for MYRRHA (Monday 16:25) D. Vandeplassche (SCK•CEN): MYRRHA injectorat UCL (Monday 17:00) → towards a MYRRHA R&D platform J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  24. WP3 – Main linacdevelopments H. Saugnac (CNRS): Spokecryomodule design (Tuesday 08:30) R. Paparella (INFN): SC ellipticalcavities design & associated R&D (Tuesday 09:05) F. Bouly (CNRS): Fault-recoveryprocedures & associated R&D (Tuesday 09:40) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  25. WP4 – System optimisation N. Chevalier (ACS): Cryogenic system for the MYRRHA linac(Tuesday 10:30) D. Vandeplassche (SCK•CEN): RF and control aspects (Tuesday 11:05) A. Pitigoï (EA): Reliabilityanalysis(Tuesday 11:35) L. Medeiros (SCK•CEN): Conclusion (Tuesday 13:50) → Roadmaptowards MYRRHA accelerator construction J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  26. Charge to the review: Q/A • Q: Whatis the goal of the MAX Euratom FP7 project (Feb 11 – Jan 14)? • Deliver a consolidated reference layout of the MYRRHA linacin 2014 so as to initiate its engineering design and subsequent construction phase • Q: Whatis the goal of this MYRRHA linacreview ? • Review, at MAX mid-project, the design choices and the technical progress made so far and give recommendations for the forthcoming activities • Q: What documentation does the review team need to consider ? • Becausewe have no fully consistent TDR-like document yet, the reviewis to be made on the basis of the slidesshownat the meeting. Nevertheless, possiblyusefuladditional documentation has also been made available. • EUROTRANS final report on XT-ADS accelerator design (March 2010) • Alreadyissued MAX deliverables: Project presentation (March 2011), Detailedwork programme (April 2011), Cryogenicanalysis (Jan 2012), Injectorconceptual design (Fev 2012) • CDT deliverables on: Myrrha HEBT design (Feb 2012) and instrumentation needs (March 2012) J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  27. Charge to the review: Q/A • Q: On whichspecific points should the review team focus in particular ? • Besides a critical analysis (Findings/Comments/Recommendations) of the various technical contributions, we would like the review team to answer specifically to the following questions: • May the adopted general philosophy and methodology lead to the design of a highly reliable accelerator? • Are the different design choices appropriate for such a machine? • Is the R&D programme coherent, adequately focused and efficient at this stage of the project? • In a more global view, what should be the essential points of concern for the MYRRHA project team in the two following years (2013-2014) to prepare for the accelerator construction? J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

  28. Thank You for yourkindinvolvement! • http://ipnweb.in2p3.fr/MAX/ • http://myrrha.sckcen.be/ J-Luc Biarrotte, 1st Int. MYRRHA accelerator design review, Brussels, November 12th, 2012

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