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Explorations of the Universe

Explorations of the Universe. Mars. Mars. About half the size of Earth Rotates in 24.5 hours Ranges from 207 to 249 million km (129 to 155 million miles) from Sun Period: 687 days Two tiny satellites. The Surface of Mars. Thin carbon dioxide atmosphere about 1/150 as dense as Earth’s

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Explorations of the Universe

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  1. Explorations of the Universe Mars

  2. Mars • About half the size of Earth • Rotates in 24.5 hours • Ranges from 207 to 249 million km (129 to 155 million miles) from Sun • Period: 687 days • Two tiny satellites

  3. The Surface of Mars • Thin carbon dioxide atmosphere about 1/150 as dense as Earth’s • Surface temperatures -20 to -200 C • Polar caps of ice and frozen carbon dioxide • Large rift valley (Vallis Marineris) • Huge Shield Volcanoes (Olympus Mons) • Evidence for former liquid water

  4. Mars as Lowell Knew It

  5. Modern Imaging Technology Improves Earth-Based Views of Mars Greatly

  6. Mars from Mariner 9

  7. Mars Viking Mosaic

  8. Vallis Marineris

  9. Huge Landslide in Vallis Marineris

  10. Layered Deposits in Vallis Marineris

  11. Olympus Mons

  12. Summit of Olympus Mons

  13. Phobos over Olympus Mons

  14. The Polar Caps

  15. Water on Mars

  16. Channels on Mars

  17. Floods on Mars

  18. Where’s the Water Now?

  19. How to Lose an Ocean • If water is exposed to solar UV and particles, it breaks down to H + O (photo-dissociation) • Happens if water gets into upper atmosphere • Planet gets hot (Venus) • Planet loses atmosphere (Mars) • Oxygen combines with iron and other elements, on Mars may also have escaped

  20. Mars as Seen by Viking

  21. Mars from Pathfinder

  22. Martian Winter

  23. Phobos and Deimos

  24. The Face on Mars

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