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THE COMMON ORIGIN OF GRAVITY DARK ENERGY AND MATTER Erik Verlinde University of Amsterdam

CERN Colloquium , 28/04/11. THE COMMON ORIGIN OF GRAVITY DARK ENERGY AND MATTER Erik Verlinde University of Amsterdam. Matter and Forces. Current Paradigm. FUNDAMENTAL FORCES: carried by elementary particles . We may need to reconsider our current paradigms theory & observation.

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THE COMMON ORIGIN OF GRAVITY DARK ENERGY AND MATTER Erik Verlinde University of Amsterdam

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  1. CERN Colloquium , 28/04/11 THE COMMON ORIGIN OF GRAVITY DARK ENERGY AND MATTER Erik VerlindeUniversity of Amsterdam

  2. Matter andForces

  3. CurrentParadigm FUNDAMENTAL FORCES: carried by elementary particles

  4. We mayneedtoreconsiderourcurrentparadigmstheory & observation

  5. 96% of the Energy in ourUniverseis notunderstood!

  6. StringTheory FUNDAMENTAL FORCES: carried by vibrating strings

  7. D-branes

  8. EMERGENCE We use concepts and observe phenomena at a macroscopic scale, which are derived from a microscopic scale where they have no a priori meaning

  9. Open/closedstringorgaugetheory/gravityduality

  10. Black Holes

  11. Black Holes

  12. Black Hole Horizon m • Consider a particlegradually • loweredinto a black hole. • Classically, the energy • associatedwith the particlegets • redshifted, and vanisheswhen • the particle is at the horizon. Bekenstein

  13. Black Hole Horizon m • Nowtake a gas of particles • lowered in to a black hole. • What happens to the entropy? Bekenstein Hawking

  14. Black Hole Entropy

  15. HawkingTemperature

  16. UnruhTemperature in accelerated frame

  17. Holographicprinciple The information associated with a certain part of space may be (heuristically ) represented as bits on the surface surrounding it.

  18. ADS/CFT CORRESPONDENCE EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN FIELD THEORY ON THE “BOUNDARY” AND GRAVITY IN THE “BULK” ONE SPACE DIMENSION EMERGES CORRESPONDING TO THE “SCALE” OF THE BOUNDARY THEORY. RADIAL EVOLUTION IS LIKE RENORMALIZATION GROUP FLOW.

  19. Bulk description Black Hole In AdS space Particle gets lowered in to black hole Hot CFT Boundary description: Thermal Heat Bath Delocalized state gets thermalized by heath bath

  20. Entropicforce (wikipedia) An entropic force is a macroscopic force whose properties are determined not by the character of an underlying microscopic force, but by the whole system's statistical tendency to increase its entropy.

  21. Warmtebad Polymeer

  22. Warmtebad Polymeer

  23. Polymer Entropic Force

  24. Gravity as anEmergentForce • At a fundamentalscaleournotions of space and time and matter cease to exist: they are derivedconcepts. • In describing Nature in terms of space-time and matter, we ignoremanydegrees of freedom. • Gravityarisesbecause the amount of phasespace (information) availablefor these degrees of freedom is influencedby the location of matter in space and time.

  25. 010111111001010011100100101011011011010101

  26. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  27. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  28. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  29. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  30. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  31. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  32. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  33. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  34. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 001100011011101010 010100101101001100

  35. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  36. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  37. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  38. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  39. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  40. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  41. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  42. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  43. A HEURISTIC ARGUMENT 01010011100100110011 01010011100100110011

  44. This is heuristic, so far… • It is bit of a “swindle” • but it catches the essence. • It should be seen as a • metaphore. But of what? • Why does it work? • What is the meaning of the temperature? • What is the nature of this information? • Why is it stored on screens? Can this be derived? • Why is gravity attractive? • What about the other forces? • Are there observable consequences? 0110100111010110100101011011011010101100

  45. Holographicscreens at equipotential(= equal redshift) surfaces

  46. The phase space can be described by counting the ways in which the energy can be distributed over the cells on the boundary

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