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New Borders and the Arab-Refugee Problem

New Borders and the Arab-Refugee Problem. War of Independence  Naqba. Causes. Nov. 1947 The UN decision on Partition: Jewish State Jerusalem as international city under UN Arab State Arabs against partition. Stages. Stage One - Nov. 29 1947—May 15 1948 “Civil War” under the Mandate

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New Borders and the Arab-Refugee Problem

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  1. New Borders and the Arab-Refugee Problem War of Independence  Naqba

  2. Causes • Nov. 1947 The UN decision on Partition: • Jewish State • Jerusalem as international city under UN • Arab State • Arabs against partition

  3. Stages • Stage One - Nov. 29 1947—May 15 1948 “Civil War” under the Mandate Begins with Arab attacks in Jerusalem War on roads all over Palestine USA retreats from Partition, for temporary UN Trusteeship May 14 1948 The British leave Palestine

  4. Stage TwoMay 15 1948—January 7 1949 • May 15 1948 • Declaration of the State of Israel • Invasion of Arab military forces: • Egypt • Jordan • Iraq • Lebanon • Syria Historic debates about the balance of powers • Jan. 7 1949 end of military actions April 1949 First Armistice Agreement-Jordan • July 1949 Last Armistice Agreement - Syria

  5. Territorial Outcomes • Jewish State larger than designed • No Palestinian state Territories designed for Palestinian state Annexed by: Israel Jordan – West Bank Egypt – Gaza Strip

  6. Demographic Outcomes • Before the war • Total population 1947 – 2,000,000 • Jewish 650,000 • Arab 1,350,000 • Anticipated in Partition-Israel • Jews in Israel (60%) 650,000 • Arabs in Israel (40%) 450,000 • Total 1,100,000 • Arabs in the Palestinian state 900,000

  7. Following the War • Arab refugees 700,000 •  more than half of the Arab population • To Arab countries • The Historic debate about the causes • Remaining Arabs in Israel 160,000 • Rate of Arabs in Israel 1949 14% • December 11 1949 UN Resolution 194 • The Right of Return

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