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Friendly Warning

Friendly Warning. Test # 1 in about 12 days (covers Chapter 1 & Terminology) Official Date to be announced next Tuesday. GTA Office Hours. Ms. Victoria Dandrea available on: - THURSDAY(s) - 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm & by appointment - PAC M 203 Questions about course materials See your previous tests

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Friendly Warning

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  1. Friendly Warning Test # 1 in about 12 days(covers Chapter 1 & Terminology)Official Date to be announced next Tuesday

  2. GTA Office Hours • Ms. Victoria Dandrea available on:- THURSDAY(s)- 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm & by appointment- PAC M 203 • Questions about course materials • See your previous tests • Make-up tests- only by appointment- MY APPROVAL REQUIRED

  3. Listening Critically(Theme 1) (Last batch of) Useful Terms for Describing Music (my terms – most not in the textbook)

  4. Rhythm – additional information New word: syncopation – irregular or surprising accents in rhythmic patterns that disrupt the regular flow of a melody For information and explanations of meter, etc. - see the Textbook Appendix, p. 566-7 For information and explanations of form(on following slides) - see the Textbook Appendix, p. 567-8 For external help w/ basic theory see: Music Theory at the Piano - Lesson 1: Pitches, Notes, and Octaves – YouTube and following lessons (Hannah Hoffman)

  5. Musical Form • The basic organizing principal in music “What comes next?” • Three basic elements: Repetition – the same thing Contrast – something new Variation – a mix of old and new

  6. Melodic Structure Similar to Speech (words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, etc.) Musical PHRASE – coherent subdivision of a larger unit (similar to sentences or clauses in speech) CADENCE – resting point at the end of a phrase (full or partial, cf. punctuation marks, periods, commas, etc.)

  7. Some Formal Patterns Organization by phrases and larger blocks- relates to both music and text (words/lyrics) Strophic- Stanza (same block of music, repeated)- new words with each Verse- Ex. “Barbary Allen” and most hymns Alternating sections- Verse (same music, but changing words)- Chorus (same music & words; “refrain”)- Ex. “Gospel Ship,” “Jingle Bells,” “Yankee Doodle,” etc.

  8. More Patterns & Terms “Song Form”– usually 4 equal phrases/sections - A A B A or A A’ B A” or AABC, ABCD, etc.- Bridge or Release (3rd phrase) contrasts harmonically & melodically- Exs. “Jeannie with the Light Brown Hair,” “Taking A Chance on Love,” “New San Antonio Rose,” “Sh-Boom,” etc. 12-Bar Blues – 3 phrases repeated over and overA - statementA’ - restatement (intensification)B – conclusionEx. “Black Snake Moan,” “Hound Dog,” etc.

  9. A Few Last Terms • Call-Response- leader first, answered by group (or single)- Ex. “Long John,” and most Blues-based music • Introduction- a brief section to start a piece of music(exactly what it says) • Coda- a short ending added to a piece (literally: “tail”)

  10. Five “Themes” Listening Critically (terminology) Music and Identity Music and Technology Music is a Business Music has “Centers” and “Peripheries” (places)

  11. Music Centers & Peripheries • “Centers” – money, power and control- NYC, LA, Nashville (?!)- aims at the mass (= urban, white) market • “Peripheries” – the edges- physically remote- lacking in power or influence- stylistically unique or “different” (often) • Peripheries influence and change Centers

  12. Streams of Traditions • Three main sources of American Pop Music • European- chiefly white (Anglo) Northern Europe- British Isles (Scotch, Welsh, Irish, etc.) • African- chiefly from West Central Africa- imported slaves (mostly) to Southern regions • Latin America- Caribbean, Mexican, Brazil, etc.- often mixes African w/ indigenous elements

  13. “Barbary Allen” • Folk Music • Appalachian region(from Anglo-Irish) • “Ballad” tradition(tells a story) • Child Ballad # 84 • Strophic form • “a cappella” performance • Jean Ritchie--Barbry Allen – YouTube[Textbook, p. 21-3] Jean Ritchie (b. 1922, KY)

  14. “Soldier’s Joy” • “Old Time Music” • String-band tradition • Used for dancing • 1st “Hillbilly” recordings • Ex. Gid Tanner & The Skillet Lickers-Soldiers Joy-1929(w/film clip) –YouTube [Textbook, p. 23-5] • Revived as “folk music” • Tommy Jarrell - Soldiers Joy – YouTube [Textbook, p. 25] “Gid” Tanner and Skillet Lickers Tommy Jarrell (1901-1985)

  15. African Musical Traits • Emphasis on Rhythm • Use of Percussion • Interlocking Parts(Dense texture) • Ostinato • Improvisation • Call & Response • Gahu Ghanaian/Ewe dance/drum – YouTube • African Ghana Drum Music – YouTube • African Drumming - dancedrummer.com - African Music

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