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Comprehensive Guide to Linux System Administration: Run Levels, Kernel Modification, and Service Management

This guide offers an in-depth look at Linux system administration, focusing on run levels, service management, and kernel customization. Learn how to modify the system's run levels using init scripts located in /etc/rc3.d and /etc/rc5.d, manage services with chkconfig, and control service states with start, stop, and restart commands. Discover how to install software via RPM and YUM, extract files from tarballs, and prepare the Linux kernel for customization. Step-by-step instructions simplify kernel compilation and boot loader configuration for seamless system operation.

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Comprehensive Guide to Linux System Administration: Run Levels, Kernel Modification, and Service Management

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  1. COP 4343Unix System Administration Unit 3: Run levels Installing software Modifying kernel

  2. Run Levels

  3. Linux Initialization Process

  4. Service configuration • /etc/rc3.d or /etc/rc5.d • scripts starting with S to start service • scripts starting with K to stop service • /etc/init.d • chkconfig • add service • turn service on/off in run level • service • start/stop/restart utility

  5. Changing run level • init • Command to change run level • halt, reboot • shutdown • with delay and message to uses

  6. Installing software • yum • via rpm command • install, update and query options • tarball • collection of files in compressed tar archive • use tar xvf command to extract • check /usr/share/doc directory • read INSTALL or README files

  7. The Linux Kernel • released by Linus Torvalds in source code • ftp.kernel.org • current release number: 2.6.16 • obtain and prepare kernel source code • mirror.cs.fiu.edu/pub/mirrors/fedora/5/i386/os/RELEASE-NOTES • www.mjmwired.net/resources/mjm-fedora-fc5.html#kernelsrc

  8. Linux Kernel components • Linux executable • bzImage or vmlinuz • Modules • kernel code that can be loaded/unloaded • stored in /lib/modules • module utilities • lsmod • insmod, modprobe • rmmod

  9. Kernel customization • customize kernel options • make xconfig • may require qt-devel package • make menuconfig • compile kernel • make bzImage • make modules • install • make modules_install • make install • check boot loader configuration • install on boot sector: grub-install

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