Discovering the Wonders of the Ocean

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2. Ocean

3. Facts About the Ocean • Covers more than 70% of Earth’s surface • Food, energy, minerals, and medicines exist in abundance • Ships use its waters to transport people and goods • Keeps us from frying in some parts of the world and freezing in others

4. Sources of Water • Oceans and Seas • Glaciers and Ice caps • Soilwater and Groundwater • Rivers and Lakes • Air and Clouds • Plants and Animals

5. How is Water Recycled? • The amount of water on Earth is about the same as when Earth formed over 4.5 billion years ago! • Water moves from place to place in a large, complex system called the water cycle.

6. The Water Cycle • Evaporation • Condensation • Precipitation

7. Motions in the Ocean What makes the ocean move?

8. What makes the ocean move? • Currents • *Deep Ocean Currents • *Surface Currents • Tides • Waves

9. Ocean Zones • Sunlight Zone- the upper zone • Twilight Zone- the mid zone • Midnight Zone- the deepest zone

10. Sunlight Zone • Begins at ocean’s surface and goes down 490 ft. (150m) • Sunlight brightens and heats water • 90% of ocean plants and animals live here

11. Twilight Zone • Stretches from 490 ft. (150m) to 3,280 ft. (1,000m) deep • Not much sunlight reaches here • Water is colder and darker • Fish live here, but not many plants

12. Midnight Zone • Deepest Zone • Stretches from below 3,380 ft. (1,000m) to the ocean floor • No light reaches this zone • Completely dark and very cold • Very few animals and plants live here.

13. Ocean Plants • Need sunlight and nutrients to live • Plants use sunlight to live- called photosynthesis • Phytoplankton is a one-celled floating plant • Many fish eat phytoplankton for food

14. Ocean Animals • Zooplankton are the tiniest ocean animal- a mix of different floating animals • Crustaceans are animals with outer shells- crabs and shrimp • Zooplankton are food for thousands of small fish

15. Oceans and People

16. Oceans and People • Oceans can be dangerous • Strong storms and huge waves sink boats • Storms that begin in the ocean can flood land • Once people thought the world was flat, that you could sail off the edge, and that there were huge sea monsters

17. Today we Know More • Ships called submarines travel underwater • Divers use special equipment to breath • Scientists use computers and special tools to study plants and animals

18. Overfishing • People catch ocean fish for food • Happens when people catch too much of one kind • New fish don’t have enough to eat • Can endanger some sea animals

19. Pollution • Harmful material that is added to the air, water, or soil • Can kill plants and animals • Oil spills are one kind • Oil coats seabirds making it hard for them to move • Oil spills hurt fish and other animals- most die

20. Future of Oceans • People are working to study to save oceans • Some are making laws to protect oceans and the plants and animals that live there • Trying to make oceans safe for the future

21. Thanks Submitted by Amandeep Amritsar

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