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CIE Activities related to Image Technology

CIE Activities related to Image Technology. János Schanda CIE VP Techn. Virtual Environments and Imaging Technologies Laboratory University of Pannonia. CIE Division 1 Vision and Colour. TC 1-27: Specification of Colour Appearance for Reflective Media and Self-Luminous Display Comparisons

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CIE Activities related to Image Technology

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  1. CIE Activities related to Image Technology János Schanda CIE VP Techn. Virtual Environments and Imaging Technologies Laboratory University of Pannonia

  2. CIE Division 1Vision and Colour • TC 1-27: Specification of Colour Appearance for Reflective Media and Self-Luminous Display Comparisons • TC 1-44: Practical Daylight Sources for Colorimetry • TC 1-57: Standards on Colorimetry • TC 1-66: Indoor Daylight Illuminant • TC 1-69: Colour rendition by white light sources • TC 1-70: Metameric Samples for Indoor Daylight Evaluation • TC 1-72: Measurement of Appearance Network

  3. TC 1-27: Specification of Colour Appearance for Reflective Media and Self-Luminous Display Comparisons • ToR: To study and make recommendations for the specification of a colour appearance match between a reflective image and a self-luminous display image.

  4. TC 1-44: Practical Daylight Sources for Colorimetry • 1. To intercompare existing daylight sources for colour measuring instruments and colour matching booths. • 2. On the basis of this intercomparison, to recommend practical methods for simulating daylight illuminants.

  5. TC 1-57: Standards on Colorimetry • ToR: To prepare and ISO/CIE Standard(s) that describes • 1) the method of calculating CIE tristimulus values and chromaticity coordinates • 2) a uniform colour space and its associated metrics and • 3) a formula for industrial colour difference evaluation

  6. TC 1-66: Indoor Daylight Illuminant • ToR: To prepare a CIE recommendation on an Indoor Daylight Illuminant and a corresponding Indoor Daylight Source, considering the needs of the partner international organisations

  7. TC 1-66: Indoor Daylight Illuminant • Average external transmission of clear window glass samples for a nominal 10 mm thickness.

  8. TC 1-66: Indoor Daylight Illuminant • Relative spectral power distribution of CIE standard illuminant D65, CIE daylight illuminant D50 and of the recommended indoor D50 and D65 illuminants.

  9. TC 1-69: Colour rendition by white light sources • 1.)To agree on some basic criteria for a new metric (or system of metrics) such that it (or they) could be developed to be scientifically sound, acceptable to lighting industry, and useful. • Colour fidelity • Colour preferemce • Colour discrimination • 2.) To solicit, share, and discuss proposals for new assessment procedures for colour rendition properties of white light sources.

  10. TC 1-69: Colour rendition by white light sources • 3.) To evaluate proposed assessment procedures with visual experiments and compatibility with basic criteria (in #1). • 4.) To recommend a new metric (or system of metrics) based on evaluation (in #3). • 5.) To prepare a CIE Technical Report on recommended new metric (or system of metrics), including calculation procedures and justification for recommendation.

  11. TC 1-70: Metameric Samples for Indoor Daylight Evaluation • To investigate the derivation of a set of metameric samples to enable the evaluation of indoor daylight simulatorsA continuation of the activities of TC 1-66: Indoor Daylight Illuminant

  12. TC 1-72: Measurement of Appearance Network: MApNet • 1.) To establish a network of those interested in the measurement of visual appearance. • 2.) The network shall be under the direction and guidance of a group of at least four Technical Leaders each responsible for a particular aspect of the subject. • 3.) Each Technical Leader shall provide substantial periodic reports in a form that might be published.

  13. TC 1-72: Measurement of Appearance Network: MApNet • 4.) A second Expert Symposium on Appearance shall be organised at an appropriate time within the next 4 years. • 5.) A database of relevant published work shall be maintained. • 6.) Consideration shall be given to the establishment of separate Technical Committees when appropriate.

  14. CIE Division 2PHYSICAL MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT AND RADIATION • TC 2-28: Methods of Characterizing Spectrophotometers • TC 2-51: The Calibration of Diode Array Spectrometers • TC 2-59: Characterisation of Imaging Luminance Measurement Devices • TC 2-60: Effect of Instrumental Bandpass Function and Measurement Interval on Spectral Quantities

  15. TC 2-28: Methods of Characterizing Spectrophotometers • Write a CIE report on the characterization of spectrophotometers by means of reference materials and other methods, with particular reference to linearity, wavelength error, stray light, and integrating sphere errors.

  16. TC 2-51: The Calibration of Diode Array Spectrometers • To produce a technical report for the calibration of detector array spectroradiometers • Diode array and CCD spectrometers suffer from: • Stray light • Temperature dependence • External fibre cable problems

  17. TC 2-59: Characterisation of Imaging Luminance Measurement Devices • To prepare a Technical Report on methods for the characterisation of imaging luminance measurement devices

  18. TC 2-60: Effect of Instrumental Bandpass Function and Measurement Interval on Spectral Quantities • To prepare a Technical Report that describes the effect of instrumental bandpass functions and measurement wavelength interval on spectrally resolved quantities and to provide recommendations on suitable methods to minimise the error introduced by instrumental bandpass functions on spectrally integrated or weighted quantities

  19. CIE Divisions 3 to 6 • Division 3: Interior environment and lighting design • Division 4: Lighting and signalling for transport • Division 5: Exterior and other lighting applications • Divsion 6: Photobiology and photochemistry

  20. Division 8: Image technology • CIE D8 publications • TC 8-02: Colour difference evaluation in images • TC 8-07: Multispectral Imaging • TC 8-08: Testing of Spatial Colour Appearance Models • TC 8-09: Archival Colour Imaging • TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging • TC 8-11: CIECAM02 Mathematics • TC 8-12: Video Compression Assessment

  21. CIE D8 publications • A Colour Appearance Model for Colour Management Systems: CIECAM02 by TC8-01 CIE 159:2004 • Chromatic Adaptation Under Mixed Illumination Condition When Comparing Softcopy and Hardcopy Images by TC8-04 CIE 162:2004 • Criteria for the Evaluation of Extended-Gamut Colour Encodings by TC8-05 CIE 168:2005 • Guidelines for the Evaluation of Gamut Mapping Algorithms by TC8-03 CIE 156:2004 • The Effects of Fluorescence in the Characterization of Imaging Media by R8-05 CIE 163:2004

  22. CIE 159:2004 A Colour Appearance Model for Colour Management Systems: CIECAM02 by TC8-01 • A colour appearance model provides a viewing condition specific method for transforming tristimulus values to and/or from perceptual attribute correlates. This document outlines a specific colour appearance model, CIECAM02, which may be useful for colour management applications. This model is based on CIECAM97s colour appearance model and consists of a chromatic adaptation transform and equations for computing a set of perceptual attribute correlates. The evolution and application of this colour appearance model are presented.

  23. CIE 162:2004 Chromatic Adaptation Under Mixed Illumination Condition When Comparing Softcopy and Hardcopy Images by TC8-04 • Users often desire to compare hardcopy and softcopy images using rapid successive binocular observations. The focus of this report is to determine how colour imaging experts can best accommodate the desires and practices of these more casual observers. It shows that accounting for mixed and incomplete chromatic adaptation produces more accurate results in colour appearance than not accounting for them. It includes a mathematical model for chromatic adaptation and provides appropriate parameters for the chromatic adaptation model under such viewing conditions.

  24. CIE 168:2005Criteria for the Evaluation of Extended-Gamut Colour Encodings by TC8-05 • One set of applications that was identified by the committee required the use of extended-gamut colour encodings. This document defines a set of objective metrics for evaluating the characteristics of output-referred extended-gamut colour encodings. Detailed metrics have been developed to evaluate a number of important attributes of extended-gamut colour encodings.

  25. CIE 168:2005Criteria for the Evaluation of Extended-Gamut Colour Encodings by TC8-05 • These criteria include: • gamut volume characteristics, • colour quantization characteristics, • hue constancy when applying non-linear tone scale modifications to RGB colour values, • complexity of transformation required to and from typical standard spaces (sRGB, ICC PCS, etc.).

  26. CIE 168:2005Criteria for the Evaluation of Extended-Gamut Colour Encodings by TC8-05 • The relative importance of the individual metrics will vary on an application-by-application basis. As a result, the committee concluded that the actual evaluation of candidate colour encodings for use in particular applications should be left to other standards bodies that are more closely aligned with the relevant industry segments, and therefore would be better able to define the appropriate application-dependent requirements.

  27. CIE 163:2004The Effects of Fluorescence in the Characterization of Imaging Media by R8-05 • The addition of fluorescence to either the inks or the substrate greatly increases the level of uncertainty in instrumental readings of the optical properties of printed images. CIE 76-1988 "Intercomparison on measurement of (total) spectral radiance factor of luminescent specimens" shows that even research and standards laboratories experience a degradation in their reproducibility of up to one order of magnitude (10x), in the readings of total spectral radiance factor of strongly coloured, fluorescent materials.

  28. CIE 163:2004The Effects of Fluorescence in the Characterization of Imaging Media by R8-05 • This report contains results from a study of the measurement of total spectral radiance factor of digital halftone printing over a range of substrates exhibiting various levels of fluorescence. Colorimetric properties were computed for CIE Illuminant D50 when the UV component was included and when the UV component was excluded from the measurement source. • The results indicate and quantify that the fluorescence of the substrate can be measured in both solid ink areas and halftone ink area with the effect being far larger in the latter.

  29. CIE 163:2004The Effects of Fluorescence in the Characterization of Imaging Media by R8-05 • The magnitude of the CIELAB colour differences indicate that a significant lack of reproducibility may be experienced between two imaging centers who attempt to apply colour management principles to their individual measurements of the same image printed on fluorescent substrates or between two laboratories who attempt to quantify the colour differences between images printed on fluorescent stock and measured using instruments with different sources.

  30. CIE 163:2004The Effects of Fluorescence in the Characterization of Imaging Media by R8-05 • The preliminary reports of CIE TC 1-44 "Practical daylight simulators for colorimetry" have shown that significant variability exists among instruments claiming daylight simulations and an even greater difference between instruments with UV-rich pulsed xenon lamps and those with UV-poor incandescent lamps.

  31. Availability of CIE Publications: • CIE Technical Reports and Standards are available electronically or printed at • http://www.techstreet.com/ciegate.tmpl

  32. TC 8-02: Colour difference evaluation in images • To study, develop and standardize methods to derive colour differences for images.

  33. TC 8-07: Multispectral Imaging • To study, develop and recommend encoding techniques and data formats for the exchange of multispectral images, and to provide test procedures for the evaluation of multispectral imaging systems • Recent demonstrations at a meeting in Darmstadt

  34. TC 8-08: Testing of Spatial Colour Appearance Models • To design, implement and report the results of a psychophysical test comparing the output of spatial colour appearance models (including Retinex, MOM and iCAM) for high dynamic range still images

  35. TC 8-09: Archival Colour Imaging • To recommend a set of techniques for the accurate capture, encoding and long term preservation of colour descriptions of digital images that are either born digital or the result of digitizing 2D static physical objects including documents, maps, photographic materials and paintings

  36. Some images of cultural heritage • Madonna on the rocks, Louvre. • Two artefacts from the same database • Van Gogh: Bedroom

  37. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging • To report on the spectral power distribution and illumination levels used to view images in office lighting conditions. The report is to be based on empirical research • Round robin test under way, circulating • Box with LEDs to test spectroradiometer • Paper samples of different amount of whitening agent • Request of measuring artificial and natural light spectra on • desk, wall and monitor

  38. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging: personal questions

  39. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging, questions on the instrument

  40. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging, questions on the location

  41. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging, Test box and components

  42. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging, Results on LED measurements

  43. TC 8-10: Office Lighting for Imaging, Results on LED measurements

  44. TC 8-10: Reflectance spectra of the three paper samples

  45. TC 8-10 : Example of a field measurement

  46. TC 8-11: CIECAM02 Mathematics • To investigate the improvements of the CIECAM02 model to avoid mathematical inconsistencies • Established in 2007, Chair: Changjun Li

  47. TC 8-12: Video Compression Assessment • To establish and report on the display and viewing conditions and materials for video compression quality evaluation in different applications including, but not limited to, web, mobile phones, HDTV, home cinemea and digital cinema • Established in 2007, Chair: Christine Fernandez-Maloigne

  48. Thanks for your kind attention!

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