Chapter 9 Food and Agriculture

1. Clicker Questions Chapter 9 Food and Agriculture Tim ScharksGreen River College

2. Agriculture is likely to have originated • in multiple hearths around the world. • because of environmental factors. • because of cultural factors. • all of the above • none of the above

3. Of the two main categories of agriculture, a ________ farm will generally be larger in size because of • commercial; mechanization. • commercial; developing economies. • subsistence; a high percentage of farmers. • subsistence; science and technology. • rice; climate.

4. We can deduce from this map that developing countries • have cheaper food. • have more expensive food. • spend a greater share of income on food. • D. spend a smaller share of income on food. • E. are more likely to practice subsistence agriculture.

5. The leading source of protein in developed countries • is from meat. • depends on what is most easily grown in the regional climate. • is usually from cereals. • is from fish. • is from beans and other legumes.

6. Comparing world agricultural regions to climate regions reveals that • there is no correspondence. • polar climates have the most diverse crops. • the Mediterranean agricultural region is quite different from the dry summer subtropical (Mediterranean) climate. • climate appears to influence the practice of agriculture. • elevation plays more of a role than other factors.

7. Which of the following is not a predominant agricultural type in developing countries? • intensive subsistence, wet-rice dominant • pastoral nomadism • ranching • shifting cultivation • plantation

8. Shifting cultivation is declining in the tropics largely because of • people migrating out of those regions. • the increased use of forest land for logging, ranching, and cash crops. • farmers learning new agricultural techniques. • decreased rainfall amounts in the tropics. • the inability to cultivate land once it has been slashed and burned.

9. Intensive subsistence agriculture has the common characteristic of • featuring wet rice as a dominant crop. • relying on extensive use of mechanical power. • being located in the tropics and subtropics. • occurring in developing countries with population concentrations. • requiring abundant summer precipitation.

10. Growth in worldwide fish production since 1990 has come from • aquaculture. • increased intensity of fishing. • overfishing. • developed countries. • the eastern and northeastern Pacific.

11. The world’s leading export crop is grown in which type of commercial agriculture? • grain • Mediterranean • commercial gardening and fruit farming • mixed crop and livestock • ranching

12. Von Thünen’s agricultural model is “stretched” by a river because • the river presents a barrier. • some crops require irrigation in some climates. • the model is based on the value of goods produced and their cost of transport. • rice cultivation requires flat, seasonally flooded land. • rivers always flow the same direction.

13. Whether dairy farming produces mostly fresh milk or more concentrated products depends on • local preferences for dairy products. • the percentage of population under age 15. • the degree to which people in the area are lactose intolerant. • whether the activity is labor intensive or not. • the distance to the largest markets.

14. Applying our knowledge of world climate and agricultural regions, we can deduce that this map shows • D. desertification hazard. • E. urbanization impacts on farmland. • the mountains of the world. • tropical regions with shifting cultivation. • commercial grain farming intensity.

15. A challenge to improving agricultural productivity through the green revolution in developing countries is • that new “miracle” seeds require potentially expensive fertilizer to maximize productivity. • that the green revolution requires larger areas of land. • the length of time fields must lie fallow. • that the green revolution is only for crops in the developed world. • choosing the correct crop to cultivate.

16. Of California’s distributed water, about which percentage goes to agricultural uses? • 10 percent • 20 percent • 40 percent • 60 percent • 80 percent

17. In the United States, concerns over genetically modified organisms have led some to call for • using GMOs to increase food supply in Africa. • labeling foods containing GMOs. • banning imports from Europe. • developing “terminator” genes to prevent GMOs from reproducing. • countries becoming more dependent on GMOs by encouraging their use.

18. International drug trafficking occurs because • drugs are grown in places where they are not illegal. • too much land is devoted to domestic consumption. • places where drug crops are easily grown are not the largest markets for those drugs. • only marijuana is an export crop from developing regions. • most trafficking routes are relatively short and between neighboring countries.

19. Which region has seen an increase in the number of undernourished people in the last decade? • South Asia • sub-Saharan Africa • East Asia • Southeast Asia • Latin America

20. Organic farming practices include all but which of the following? • GMO seeds are not used. • Most herbicides and pesticides are avoided. • Antibiotics are used only when animals are sick. • Farmers are encouraged to grow less food. • Crops and livestock are often integrated.