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Roosevelt's Reforms: Trust-Busting and Conservation

Learn about President Theodore Roosevelt's progressive reforms, including trust-busting, conservation efforts, and economic regulations. Discover how these policies shaped America's industrialization and progressivism era.

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Roosevelt's Reforms: Trust-Busting and Conservation

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  1. 1877 - 1917 Unit 2—Chapters 3 – 4 Industrialization and Progressivism CSS 11.1, 11.2, 11.3. 11.5, 11.6

  2. Part Eight President Roosevelt EQ: What did Roosevelt think government should do for its citizens?

  3. Theodore Roosevelt (1901 – 1909) • incredibly popular president and outdoorsman • Navy, Rough Riders, McKinley’s VP • control the trusts, consumer protection, conservation • Teddy explored the source of the Amazon River after he was president • created Yosemite and Yellowstone National Parks

  4. Square Deal • his “square deal” program promoted many reforms • “no crookedness in the deal” • EnvironmentEconomic 100 million acres of forest “rational use” plan Nat’l Reclamation Act Regulated railroads Broke apart trusts Passed food inspection law Passed medicine regulation law

  5. Economic Reforms • Trust Busting • Progressives regulated trusts to increase competition • Roosevelt broke up 33 trusts in 8 years (including one run by Rockefeller and J.P. Morgan • Roosevelt only believed in breaking up the bad trusts • Taft broke up 90 in 4 years including Standard Oil in 1911 • Clayton Anti-Trust Act, 1914 • Wilson gave the government more power to break up trusts • closed loopholes from the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

  6. Regulating Industry • Pennsylvania Coal Mine Strike • 1st time gov’t helped workers in a labor dispute • Department of Commerce and Labor, 1902 • Interstate business regulation • Interstate Commerce Commission • Regulate railroad fees between states • Hepburn Act • Gives ICC strong enforcement powers • Meat Inspection Act/Pure Food and Drug Act

  7. Managing the Environment • Gifford Pinochet • Forests be preserved for both preservation of wilderness and use for building • National Reclamation Act, 1902 • Federal gov’t has power to decided where and how water would be distributed • Dams, reservoirs, lakes

  8. William Taft (1909 – 1913) • continued Roosevelt’s campaign against trusts • handpicked to succeed TR • only president to become a supreme court justice after being president

  9. • Higher Tariffs • Income tax • Opposed Roosevelt’s conservation policies • War Hero • Reformer • Protect American Wilderness • Gov’t should people • Roosevelt Taft •Trustbuster • Gov’t should regulate business • Republican • Ran for President in 1912

  10. Taft vs. Roosevelt • New Nationalism • Program to restore gov’ts trustbusting power • Roosevelt “as strong as a Bull Moose” – gives nickname “Bull Moose” party • Taft-Roosevelt Battle • Splits Republican Party • Birth of Progressive Party (TR)

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