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Understanding Classification and Binomial Nomenclature in Biology

This lesson plan focuses on the classification of organisms and the system of binomial nomenclature as developed by Carolus Linnaeus. Students will learn why biologists classify organisms based on similarities, the importance of taxonomy, and how these classifications help in the study of evolutionary relationships. Activities include using a textbook to answer questions related to classifying organisms, completing a science notebook entry, and discussing how libraries are organized. Students will also explore how scientific names are structured, emphasizing their standardized format.

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Understanding Classification and Binomial Nomenclature in Biology

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  1. March 12, 2013 (A Day) Agenda • DSJ #31 • Classifying Organisms (Part 1) • Binomial Nomenclature • DSR #31

  2. March 13, 2013 (B Day) Agenda • DSJ #31 • Classifying Organisms (Part 1) • Binomial Nomenclature • DSR #31

  3. DSJ #31 • Science Notebook – 4B • (If you still do not have a composition book, do this on a separate piece of paper) • Prompt: In 5 sentences or more, explain how a library is organized. Why is it organized this way?

  4. Classifying Organisms - Part 1 • Use the textbook to answer the questions. • Do only #1-10. • The answers can be found in the page numbers next to each bold heading. • Turn in to the teacher when finished.

  5. Classifying organismsPart 1

  6. Learning Objective Students will explain why biologists classify organisms.

  7. Why Do Scientists Classify? • Biologists group organisms based on similarities, just as grocers group milk with dairy products and tomatoes with produce.

  8. Why Do Scientists Classify? • Biologists group organisms based on similarities, just as grocers group milk with dairy products and tomatoes with produce. • 1. The process of grouping things based on their similarities is called classification.

  9. Why Do Scientists Classify? • 2. Biologists use classification to organize living things into groups so that the organisms are easier to study.

  10. Why Do Scientists Classify? • 3. The scientific study of how living things are classified is called taxonomy.

  11. Why Do Scientists Classify? • Taxonomy and evolution are closely related.

  12. Why Do Scientists Classify? • Taxonomy and evolution are closely related. • 4. Scientists infer that organisms in the same group descended from a common ancestor.

  13. Why Do Scientists Classify? • 5. In addition to classifying organisms, scientists try to figure out their evolutionary relationships.

  14. Levels of Classification • As you move down the levels of classification, the number of organisms decreases. The organisms at lower levels share more characteristics with each other.

  15. The Naming System of Linnaeus • In addition to grouping organisms, taxonomy involves naming them.

  16. The Naming System of Linnaeus • In addition to grouping organisms, taxonomy involves naming them. • In the 1750s, the Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus devised a system of naming organisms that is still used today.

  17. The Naming System of Linnaeus • 6. Linnaeus placed organisms in groups based on their observable features.

  18. The Naming System of Linnaeus • 6. Linnaeus placed organisms in groups based on their observable features. • 7. In Linnaeus's naming system, called binomial nomenclature, each organism is given a two-part name.

  19. The Naming System of Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature: Felisdomesticus Common Name: House Cat

  20. The Naming System of Linnaeus • The first word in an organism’s scientific name is its genus.

  21. The Naming System of Linnaeus • The first word in an organism’s scientific name is its genus. • 8. A genus is a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms.

  22. The Naming System of Linnaeus • The first word in an organism’s scientific name is its genus. • 8. A genus is a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms. • The second word in a scientific name often describes a distinctive feature of an organism and labels the organism’s species.

  23. The Naming System of Linnaeus Species 9. Binomial Nomenclature: Felisconcolor Common Name: Mountain Lion Genus

  24. The Naming System of Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature: Felismarmorata Common Name: Marbled Cat

  25. The Naming System of Linnaeus • 10. • Scientific names are always italicized. • The scientific names contain Latin words because that was the language that scientists used at the time that Linnaeus lived. • Only the first letter of the first word (genus) is capitalized. • Scientists prefer to use binomial nomenclature when talking about organisms because everyone uses the same name for the same organism. Binomial Nomenclature: Marmotamonax Common Names: Woodchuck, Groundhog, Whistlepig

  26. Binomial Nomenclature • Read the directions on the worksheet. • Use the key to help you figure out the scientific name that goes with the common name of the organism. • When finished, turn in to the teacher.

  27. DSR #31 • Science Notebook – 4B (Under DSJ #31) • (If you still do not have a composition book, do this on the same separate piece of paper you did your DSJ on. Then, turn it in to the teacher.) • Prompt: How is classification useful to biologists? Describe how binomial nomenclature is written. Why do scientists prefer to use binomial nomenclature?

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