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Developments in film technology Rachel jones
35mm Film • Pros: better quality film, more desirable in the film industry, better aesthetic, characteristic grain, more realiable • Cons: expensive film, camera is heavy, needs to be developed – time consuming, cannot delete once filmed • The film is on large reels that get put into the camera • In 1903 the first film was shot on 35mm film, this was The Great Train Robbery • In 2018 only 24 major films were shot on 35mm film the rest on digital
Digital video cameras • Pros: can go back and delete mistakes, lighter and easier to move and run around, more people can afford to make films, cheaper • Cons: more competition in the industry, not as aesthetically pleasing • Tarantino publicly criticized digital camera saying that they were simply “television in public”
Mobile phones • Mobile phones can be used to make films just like film cameras • Use can also edit the videos on your phone by downloading apps • For example the film ‘Unsane’ was shot on an iphone 7 and was shot in 10 days • https://youtu.be/u7KZrt_cHH0 • The director Soderbergh said that he wanted to ‘liberate’ himself • The benefit of using a phone over a camera is that there is a lot less expensive and heavy equipment • However this does mean that the quality may not be as good as if it was shot on a camera
CGI • CGI is when images and graphics are applied over the top of a shot • CGI is very effective however it is also very expensive as you need artists who are highly trained and the labor is expensive • It was first used in 1973 in a scene in the film ‘Westworld’
Facebook and twitter • Pros: cheap, targets a younger audience, easy to do, accesable • Cons: low following – reach not many people, older audiences may not have social media • Film companies use social media to advertise and market their film by getting celebrities to retweet and tweet about their films • They also hold competitions to engage audiences • They also post about what streaming sites are showing the film
You tube • Pros: uploading is free, can reach a wider audience • Cons: low following – reach not many people, older audiences may not have social media • On you tube companies are able to post behind the scenes films and trailers to engage the audience and make them want to watch more of the film • You tube was invented in 2005 • For example Belstone chose to make Tank 432 purchasable on you tube and they also had other channels post their trailer to get more views
IMAX • Pros: immersive experience, audiences go for experience, quality • Cons: expensive to film on, if audiences don’t go waste of money • 70mm film was first used in 1929 however it fell out of use • The first IMAX theatre space was set up in 1971 • IMAX is known for having very large screens and stadium seating • The first film to be shown in IMAX was Tiger Child shown in 1971
Digital projectors • Pros: smaller film companies can shoot and exhibit on digital, cheaper that film • Cons: actual projector costs $50,000 - $150,000 • In 1998 the first film, The Last Broadcast, was shown on a digital projector • By 2009 it was estimated that 92% of movie theatres in the US had converted to digital
Netflix and other streaming sites • Pros: wide range of audiences, (Netflix) 195.5 million users, cheaper than cinema • Cons: films can be pirated, makes theatrical releases for companies hard • Netflix was founded in 1997 • Amazon prime was founded in 1999 • Streaming sites are relatively new yet they have millions of users
Illegal pirated websites • There are no pros for film companies • Cons: piracy looses film companies lots of money • Wonder woman was pirated and Warner Brorthers lost $1 billion and it became the most pirated film in 2017 • 123 movies, being the most popular site has around 98 million users • Its is estimated that it was established in 2015-16 • They get their money through advertising on the site
