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Understanding the Structure and Impact of the Ohio Judicial System

The Ohio Judicial System comprises various courts, including the Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, Courts of Common Pleas, Municipal Courts, County Courts, and Mayor’s Courts. Each court serves distinct functions, determining civil, criminal, juvenile, and domestic matters. The Supreme Court acts as the court of last resort for significant legal questions, while lower courts handle specific case types ranging from misdemeanors to probate issues. This overview illustrates how the judicial structure affects the lives of Ohioans and underscores the importance of access to justice.

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Understanding the Structure and Impact of the Ohio Judicial System

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  1. The Ohio Judicial System • HOW IT IMPACTS YOUR LIFE Justice Sharon L. Kennedy

  2. Structure of The Ohio Judicial System SUPREME COURT Chief Justice and Six Justices COURT OF APPEALS 12 Districts, 69 Judges Three Judge Panels COURTS OF COMMON PLEAS 88 Courts, 394 Judges Divisions - General, Domestic Relations, Probate, Juvenile MUNICIPAL COURTS 130 Courts; 217 Judges COUNTY COURTS 35 Courts; 37 Judges MAYOR’S COURTS 315 Courts COURT OF CLAIMS Judges Assigned

  3. Supreme Court - Original jurisdiction in select cases; court of last resort on state constitutional questions and questions of public or great general interest; appeals from Board of Tax Appeals, Public Utilities Commission and death penalty cases. • Court of Appeals - Appellate review of judgments of common pleas, municipal and court courts; appeals from Board of Tax Appeals; original jurisdiction in select cases. • Court of Common Pleas • General Division - Civil and criminal cases; appeals from most administrative agencies. • Domestic Relations Division - Divorces and dissolutions; support and custody of children. • Juvenile Division - Offenses involving minors; most paternity actions. • Probate Division - Decedents’ estates; mental illnesses; adoptions; marriage licenses. • Municipal and County Courts - Misdemeanor offenses; traffic cases; civil action up to $15,000. • Mayor’s Courts - Misdemeanor offenses; traffic cases. • Court of Claims - All suits against the state for personal injury, property damage, contract and wrongful death; compensation for victims of crime; three-judge panels upon request.

  4. All CourtsNew Filings

  5. Supreme Court Jurisdictional Appeals “Cases of great public interest” Merit Cases Original actions Habeas corpus cases Direct appeals from court of appeals Certified conflicts Appeals from Board of Tax Appeals Appeals from Public Utilities Commission Appeals from Power Siting Board Death penalty cases Certified questions of state law Appeals from App.R. 26(B) in death penalty cases Practice of Law Cases Disciplinary cases Unauthorized practice of law

  6. Criminal, civil, and family law appeals heard in the court of common pleas divisions and miscellaneous appeals including original actions, habeas corpus cases, appeals from administrative agencies, and the Court of Claims. Court of Appeals ________________________________________________________________________

  7. Statistical DataOther Reports Supremecourt.ohio.gov. Reports and Publications Judicial and Court Services Courts Statistical Reports 2012 Ohio Courts Statistical Report Ohio Courts Statistical Summary

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