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Introduction by Chair

Introduction by Chair. Linda Crichton Head of Resource Management. Agenda. Materials Recovery Facilities (MRF) - Regulation. Richard Pullen Deputy Director – Waste Policy and Regulation Defra. Introduction.

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Introduction by Chair

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  1. Introduction by Chair Linda Crichton Head of Resource Management

  2. Agenda

  3. Materials Recovery Facilities (MRF) - Regulation Richard Pullen Deputy Director – Waste Policy and Regulation Defra

  4. Introduction This is a new Regulation, applying to MRFs and providing a framework for improving data on the sampling process/quality of recyclable material, showing how it is turned from this…..

  5. Into this….

  6. Why are these regulations important? • Ground-breaking - first set of regulations in place to improve transparency and information about quality of recyclable material produced by MRFs; • For first time, transparency of information on quality available to the wider industry. Will help market in recyclates to operate better and grow; • Information provided on quality of recyclate by MRFs, will be able to be used to help demonstrate compliance with separate collection requirements of revised Waste Framework Directive.

  7. Where did we begin? A potted history to the regulations… • ESA started ball rolling with heir own (voluntary) accreditation scheme (Code of Practice); • Then extensive discussions with industry on: • Considering ways to try and help stimulate the market conditions necessary to improve and promote the quality of material produced by MRFs; • Growing the recycling materials market. • All parts of the recyclate chain have taken a keen interest in this area and regulation development – as have Ministers and several Government Departments.

  8. Public Consultation • Consultation published on 1 February 2013 on proposed draft MRF regulation; • 88 responses (inc representative bodies) • Local Authorities - 42 • Waste Management Co - 11 • Reprocessors / Manufacturers - 23 • Other prof/rep/trade bodies - 4 • Other (consultancies, interest groups, campaign bodies) - 8

  9. Key issues from consultation • Preference for Environment Agency carrying out inspections and compliance checks, over having a third (independent) party audit doing so; • Most respondents wanted sampling regime strengthening from initial proposals; • Calls to drop proposal for requirement to sample residual waste streams, predominantly on health and safety grounds; • Looking for a balance between robust sampling regime and operational/economic pragmatism.

  10. Regulations laid before Parliament on 11 February 2014

  11. The Environmental Permitting (England and Wales)(Amendment) Regulations 2014 (schedule 9A)

  12. Key elements of the final Regulations • Retain1000 tonne threshold to exempt smaller MRFs from the regulations: but kept under review; • Inspection (audit) regime provided by EA & NRW; • Transitional approach to some sampling frequencies; • Increase over initial sampling levels/requirements; • Retention of 6-month transition period (until October 2014); • Individual local authorities to be able to track information on the recycling material they supply.

  13. Sampling • Reflects balance between robustness and practicality; • Transitional approach to sampling frequencies spread over a 2-year period from implementing the regulations. Input: • 60kg of input material sampled per 160 tonnes of throughput during first two years for each supplier, reducing to once every 125 tonnes; Output: • 50kg of paper output material sampled once every 80 tonnes in throughput in first two years, followed by once every 60 tonnes; • 20kg of plastic output material sampled once every 20 tonnes of throughput in first two years, followed by once every 15 tonnes; • 10kg of glass output material sampled once per 50 tonnes of throughput; • 10kg of metal output material sampled once per 20 tonnes.

  14. Inspection regime will be undertaken by: • England • Wales

  15. Outline of inspection details • Agency to undertake one announced and unannounced inspection to all MRFs per year, to check quality assessment & reporting system; • Those MRFs considered underperforming would receive follow up visits, advice and ultimately enforcement action if necessary; • Environment Agency due to launch a public consultation on proposed charging regime for their MRF inspections; • NRW also to consult in due course.

  16. Conclusion Regulations are substantial and positive step: • Supporting economic growth by maximising the value of the recycled material collected; • Promoting higher income from sale of quality recyclates; • Delivering confidence about reliable stream of recovered material and may encourage investment in the sector; • Allowing local authorities and waste management companies to demonstrate co-mingling is capable of delivering high quality recycling. .

  17. Thank you

  18. Overview of sampling guidance • Mike Jefferson • Director, Verde Recycling Solutions

  19. Background • Guidance to support the Regulations. • Will be available on the WRAP website inApril. • Development supported by a steering committee with representation from Government, regulators, the waste industry and reprocessors. • Separate Defra guidance is also being prepared. • Prepared by LRS Consultancy with Verde Recycling Solutions, Waste Intelligence and International Safety Services.

  20. Introduction • Non statutory (but with input from regulators). • A practical guide explaining the requirements of the Regulations. • Gives best practise guidance. • Will help ensure a high quality consistent approach to sampling. • Facilities (MF) can adapt sampling techniques to fit individual circumstances. • Highlights the potential operational and commercial benefits of sampling.

  21. Do you operate a MF? • A regulated facility or part of a regulated facility that receives mixed waste material in order to separate it into specified output material for the purpose of selling it, or transferring it to other facilities or persons to enable that material to be recycled by those facilities or persons. • The Regulations apply to MFs that receive 1,000 tonnes or more of mixed waste materialfor sorting in four consecutive reporting periods (each reporting period is three months)

  22. What is Mixed Waste Material? • Waste that: • (a) originates • (i) from households, or • (ii) from other sources but is similar to household waste in terms of its nature or composition; and • (b) consists in the largest proportion of two or more of the following kinds of target materials mixed together: • (i) glass; • (ii) metal; • (iii) paper; • (iv) plastic. 

  23. What does this mean in practice? • Mixtures of materials from non household sources containing plastic bottles, glass bottles and jars, cardboard, drinks cans, etc. • Typical non household sources would be pubs, restaurants, universities and offices. • Additional advice on what might be considered ‘similar to household’ in the Defra guidance – size of plastic containers and trays, types of cardboard, etc. • Streams such as household WEEE, textiles, residual and organics not covered by the Regulations.

  24. Examples of specified output materials(output grades) • HDPE bottles • PET bottles • Natural HDPE bottles • Coloured HDPE bottles • Clear PET • Coloured PET • PTT • Domestic films • Mixed bottles • Clear (flint) glass • Brown (amber) glass • Green glass • Mixed glass • OCC • ONP • Mixed paper • Aluminium UBCs • Steel food and drinks cans • MF sets their own output grades

  25. MF (subject to input volumes) Not likely to be a MF Waste transfer stations acting only as bulking points (so with no sorting activities). Waste transfer stations that sort C&I wastes.* Household Waste Recycling Centres (Civic Amenity Sites). C&I MRF’s * MRFs treating only residual waste (‘Dirty’ MRFs). Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plants including those used at autoclave facilities unless mixed waste material is accepted for any MRF operations that form part of the process. Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) production facilities. WEEE management facilities. MRF’s separating materials from construction and demolition waste. • Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) sorting household dry recyclables. • Commercial waste treatment operations and transfer stations where materials similar to household wastes are sorted intospecified output material • * Unless the commercial waste meets the definition of Mixed Waste Material..

  26. Sampling weights and frequencies • Frequency of sampling calculated on a rolling basis

  27. Sampling weights and frequencies • To 1st October 2016

  28. Example MF input scenario • To 1st October 2016

  29. Example MF output scenario • To 1st October 2016

  30. Example schedule that might be developed

  31. Taking samples • For incoming mixed waste material: • By supplier. • Sample sizes may fall to 55kg so long as the average over the reporting period is 60kg. • For output material: • Sampling by grade, e.g. for paper outputs this might be by OCC, newspapers and magazines, mixed paper, etc. • No ability to go below the required sample weight. • Not required where material arrives pre-sorted. • Not required for the residual fraction. • Samples should be taken in one go.

  32. Supplier • For material collected pursuant to arrangements made by a waste collection authority under section 45(1)(a)or(b) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 that authority is the supplier; • Where the batch is transferred from another MF then they are the supplier; • If non of above then the supplier is the person who collected the material or if not known the person responsible for delivering it.

  33. Step by step guidance on taking samples • Scheduling of sampling. • Based on Regulations and predicted deliveries. • Taking representative samples (different days, shifts, times, etc). • Isolating the sample. • Take samples for: • Loose input and output material. • Incoming bagged material. • Baled material. • Labelling, storage & transport. • Sampling from bulking points.

  34. Guidance also provided for • Separating a suitable weight of material. • Randomising the sample. • Taking a representative sample. • Taking a sample using techniques such as slice of pie, direct tipping or points of compass techniques. • Taking samples from loose bulked material or from conveyors.

  35. Sampling good practise Sampling bad practise Avoid taking samples just from the top or bottom of a pile. Do not include exceptional items that would ordinarily be removed prior to processing. Avoid use of built in scales on mobile plant. Do not test more than one sample at once to minimise cross contamination risks. Do not ‘adjust’ a sample in an attempt to make it representative. • Having a training programme in place. • Having a sufficient number of trained staff. • Modify the day and time when samples are taken to ensure results are representative. • Automate sample taking where possible. • Ensure samples are corrected labelled and stored. • Containers marked with appropriate fill levels. • Undertake spot checks on sampling results.

  36. Testing of samples • Samples are split into two size fractions (using a 12mm x 12mm screen for glass and 45mm x 45mm screen for other materials). • Larger fraction sorted into target material, non target material and non recyclable material. • Smaller fraction (material particles) allocated as per the larger fraction. • For incoming mixed waste material the target material needs to be split into a minimum of metal, plastic, glass and paper. • Supporting evidence should be kept as to how wastes have been categorised (reprocessors specifications). • Covered step by step in the guidance.

  37. Target materials • For incoming mixed waste material this includes all items that are requested for collection in that fraction. • Includes integral parts of targeted materials (bottle caps, neck rings, etc) unless specifically excluded in specifications. • Includes the following items unless they are classed as a contaminant in the reprocessor’s specification: • Aluminium foils and aerosols in UBCs. • PET trays in PET bottles (of the correct colour). • Wet paper unless it is degraded to the point where it is not fit for recycling. • Contaminants can be of the same material type (coloured glass in clear glass, OCC in newspapers and magazines, etc). • Care is needed with respect to what is allowed up to a certain percentage and contaminants with a tolerance.

  38. Testing (other) • Where different reprocessors are supplied with the same output grade (each with their own specification) then a common sense approach is proposed to defining target materials. • Cardboard and cartons that include cardboard as a composite material should be included in the paper category.

  39. Testing good practise Testing bad practise Not clearing /cleaning containers and the work area between testing different samples. Not isolating testing from other on site activities (H&S and cross contamination risks). Forcing or persuading material through the sorting mesh. Weighing samples outside and / or near moving vehicles (H&S and weighing error risks). • Ensure ergonomics of the testing area are optimised (H&S and sorting speed / accuracy). • Ensure those testing are fully trained. • Provide sufficient containers. • Do not overfill containers. • Containers should be clean and dry.

  40. Typical equipment • Platform scales • Bench scales • Calibration weights • Shovels / brooms • Containers (sample / sorting) • Screens • Sorting table • PPE • Long handled wire cutters • Pickers / sharps bin • Sampling sheets • Loading shovel • Automated bin lifts • Mini sort conveyors

  41. Sampling statistics • Reporting of average target material content and standard deviation for each supplier (waste in) and output grades required. • The standard deviation provides a measure of how much variation there is from the average for the target material content across the sampling results • Objective: high average target material content with low standard deviation. • Overview of other statistical analysis that could be carried out using the data. • Commentary on interpretation of statistics.

  42. Sampling statistics

  43. Health and Safety • Layout and structure of the sampling area. • Vehicle movements & operating procedures. • Pedestrian access to sampling areas. • Safe systems of work. • Sampling from bales and from conveyors. • Manual handling. • Hygiene risks and handling hazardous waste. • PPE.

  44. Other areas included in the guidance • Staff training (including H&S). • Enforcement of the Regulations. • Reporting templates. • Questions and answers. • Flowcharts.

  45. Acknowledgements • Convention of Scottish Local Authorities • Defra • Environment Agency • Environmental Services Association • Kent Resource Partnership • Local Government Association • Natural Resources Wales • Northern Ireland Environment Agency • Resource Association • Resource Futures • Scottish Environmental Protection Agency • SITA UK • Veolia Environmental Services • Viridor • Welsh Government

  46. MF Reporting Portal on Quality • Steve Waite • MRF Sector Specialist

  47. Presentation • Introduction • What has to be reported in the MF Regulations ? • Why do we need the portal ? • WRAP Reporting Portal • Potential options for inputs • Potential options for outputs • Advantages and Challenges • Timescale • Presentation will only give a general overview as the detail has yet to developed

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