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AIRPORT EMERGENCY PLANNING Part I

AIRPORT EMERGENCY PLANNING Part I. CABO VERDE, JULY 2009 Presented by Rheaume Allard (Aerodrome Expert under the COSCAP-BAG Project). INTRODUCTION. The participants Who, Where, What, Why. Main responsibilities The facilitators. COSCAP-BAG.

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AIRPORT EMERGENCY PLANNING Part I

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  1. AIRPORT EMERGENCY PLANNINGPart I CABO VERDE, JULY 2009 Presented by Rheaume Allard (Aerodrome Expert under the COSCAP-BAG Project)

  2. INTRODUCTION • The participants • Who, Where, What, Why. • Main responsibilities • The facilitators

  3. COSCAP-BAG • Cooperative Development of Operational Safety and Continuing Airworthiness Program – Banjul Accord Group • Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, Guinee, The Gambia and Cape Verde • International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Role

  4. The Aerodrome Division • Working with States, the CAA • Working with the Airport Operators • As requested by the States • As requested by the Airport Operators through the CAA

  5. Administrative Information • Documents to participants • Evaluation of participants • Attendance, Participation, Team work, Presentation, Final Exam. • Course Evaluation by participants • Course Evaluation Form • Your comments will help improve the course

  6. COURSE OBJECTIVES • ICAO & National Regulations • Responsibilities of CAA & Airport Operators • Main components of the AERP: equipment & installations required, command, communications & coordination • Different types of emergencies • Media relations • To develop tools & strategies for exercises

  7. COURSE SCHEDULE • Five (5) days • From 09h00 to 12h00 and from 13h30 to 16h30 • Fifteen minute breaks

  8. SPECIFIC TERMS & LEXICON • ICAO • COSCAP-BAG • AIRPORT CERTIFICATE • AERODROME STANDARDS • CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY • AGÊNCIA DE AVIAÇãO CIVIL • EMERGENCY COORDINATION CENTER • MOBILE COMMAND POST

  9. SPECIFIC TERMS & LEXICON • RENDEZ-VOUS POINT (RVP) • AIRPORT OPERATOR (AO) • AIRPORT AUTHORITY (AA) • AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION PUBLICATION (AIP) • AIRPORT EMERGENCY PLAN (AEP) • Airport Emergency Exercise (AEE) • Rescue and Fire Fighting (RFF)

  10. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS • International Obligations • ICAO Member States = obligations • ICAO Annex 14, article 9.1.1., 9.1.2 and 9.1.3. Also 9.1.12, 9.1.13 and 9.1.14. • National Regulations • Specific to each country

  11. CAA & AIRPORT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES • CAA = the State • Responsible for establishing laws & regulations • Responsible for oversight & audit • Responsible towards ICAO for all aeronautics activities including aerodromes • Airport Operator: ASA in Cape Verde • Holder of an « Airport Certificate » from the AAC • Operate the airport according to the conditions set in the « Airport Certificate ».

  12. AIRPORT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES • Respect standards set out in airport standards • Allow CAA inspectors access to airport • Check the aeronautical publications • Notify the AAC of any change to the airport • Drop in the level of service, ref. AIP • Obstacle or dangerous situations • Close of part of the aircraft movement area

  13. AIRPORT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES • Emergency Planning • ICAO Standards • National Regulations • « Aerodrome Certificate » • Aerodrome Standards & Recommended Practices

  14. WHAT IS AN «AIRPORT EMERGENCY PLAN» • Process of preparing an airport to cope with an emergency occurring at the airport or in its vicinity • Objective: to minimize the effects of an emergency by saving lifes & maintaining airport operations

  15. COORDINATION (MUTUAL AIDS) • A coordinated program between the airport & the surrounding communities • Mutual aids agreement • Airport emergencies are similar in nature to any major emergencies that can strike a community • Command, Communication & Coordination

  16. ON & OFF AIRPORT EMERGENCIES • Airport Emergency Plan to be implemented similarly whether it is on or off the airport • Jurisdiction will change • Jurisdiction limits have to be agreed upon with local communities • Command, Coordination and Communication

  17. AEP & PARTICIPATING AGENCIES • AEP to include a set of instructions to ensure prompt response of: • Rescue and fire fighting • Police/security • Medical services • Law enforcement • Other competent, trained, expert personnel to meet all unusual conditions.

  18. AN OPERATIONALLY SOUND AEP • To meet this objective a comprehensive airport emergency plan must give consideration to: • Preplanning BEFORE an emergency; • Operations DURING an emergency; • Support and documentation AFTER the emergency

  19. AN OPERATIONALLY SOUND AEP • Preplanning BEFORE the emergency • Considerations include plannnig for the handling of all factors that could bear upon effective emergency response • Preplanning should define the organizational authority and the responsibilities for developing, testing and implementing the emergency plan

  20. AN OPERATIONALLY SOUND AEP • Operations DURING the emergency • Considerations depend on the stage, nature and location of the emergency • Stage: Ex: the fire chief is in charge at the beginning of the emergency. After a while he is in a supportive role • Nature: a crash on the runway will be more disruptive than a fire in a cargo building • Location: a crash outside the airport boundaries will be less disruptive than a crash on the main runway

  21. AN OPERATIONALLY SOUND AEP • Support and Documentation AFTER the emergency • Less urgent • Who is in charge • What will be the role of coroner, police, fire fighters, airport administration, etc. • To re-establish normal operations • To inform all participating agencies • Debriefing and various accident reports.

  22. MEDICAL SERVICES • AEP recommended actions are based on the paramount need for survival of aircraft occupants and other casualties resulting from the aircraft accident/incident • Stabilization and emergency medical treatment is of equal importance • Speed and skill of such treatment is crucial • Preplanning & exercises are required

  23. DIFFICULT CONDITIONS • The AEP should take into consideration operations in all weather conditions such as extreme heat, rain, wind or reduced visibility • Difficult terrain such as bodies of water, marsh, roads, mountains, depressions and other problem areas.

  24. MATERIAL RESOURCES • Important consideration in the AEP is the identification of all material resources both internal and external • The more effective method of acquiring these resources and placing them where needed in a timely manner

  25. THE THREE « C’s » 3 elements to deal efficiently with a real emergency situation or to realize a successful emergency exercise: • COMMUNICATION • COORDINATION • COMMAND

  26. COMMUNICATIONS • Radio, telephone, mobile radio Communications • Between the ECC and the MCP and the RVP • Between the ECC and the outside world • Between third parties and their counterparts • Note: to disconnect private users.

  27. COORDINATION • Communication means are tools for achieving good coordination • Communication means do not guarantee by themselves a good coordination between the various agencies involved. They have to be properly used

  28. COORDINATION • Definition: • « Ordering of things or various activities in order to achieve predefined objectives » • In AEP the objectives are: • To save lifes • Minimize the impact on airport operations • Minimize material lost

  29. COORDINATION • AEP shall be known & understood by all participating agencies • Agencies shall agree on roles & responsibilities • Understand inter-relations between each of them • Full Scale etc. shall be conducted, a higher level of coordination shall thus be achieved

  30. COORDINATION • Coordination between the airport operator, the police, the ambulance, the hospitals, the airline etc. is one of the essential key to achieve the objectives of saving lifes, to maintain airport operational capability and to minimize material lost

  31. COMMAND • Airport Operator = coordinator in chief at the ECC and on the airport in general • AO responsible to appoint an on-scene commander • Command will pass from one person to the other as the phases of the emergency pass from emergency operations to investigation phase

  32. COMMAND • First stage: airport fire chief will be in charge • On-scene commander • Police, Coroner (forensic or legal doctor) • ECC to be informed each time the command is transferred from one person to the other

  33. ROLE OF THE AIRPORT OPERATOR • Establishing the emergency plan to deal with all unusual conditions at the airport and its vicinity • Coordinating the plan with surrounding community authorities • Assignment of emergency personnel & equip- ment provided by participating agencies

  34. ROLE OF THE AIRPORT OPERATOR • First and foremost role = COORDINATOR • Coordination of internal & external resources • The Airport Operator relies on the cooperation of various external agencies such as hospitals, police, ambulance etc. • Coordination between these bodies is one of the essential key to success

  35. AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE AEP • Rescue & Fire Fighting Services • Medical services • Hospitals • Police and/or Security Services • Airport Admistration • Airport Maintenance Staff • Air Traffic Services • Aircraft Operators (Airlines)

  36. AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE AEP • CAA & other Government Agencies • Communication Services • Airport Tenants • Transportation Authorities (land, sea & air) • Rescue co-ordination Center • Civil Defence • Mutual Aid Agencies • Military

  37. AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE AEP • Harbour Patrol & Coast Guard • Clergy • Public Information Office (local TV & Radio) • Customs • Public Utilities • Postal Authorities • Veterinary Services • Coroner (forensic or legal doctor)

  38. AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE AEP • Volunteer Organisations • International Relief Agencies (Red Cross, etc.) • NOTE: THE « ON THE AIRPORT » & « OFF THE AIRPORT » AGENCIES SHALL BE SPECIFIC TO EACH COUNTRY/AIRPORT.

  39. TYPE OF SERVICES REQUIRED (int) • Escort on the airside • Coordination of these escorts • Airside Operations Coordination (NOTAM etc.) • Stretchers Bearers • On-Scene Commander • ECC Coordinator • RVP Coordinator • Logistic suppor to rescue team (water, food)

  40. TYPE OF SERVICES REQUIRED (int) • Transportation of Emergency Equipment to the Accident Site • Transportation of the MCP (if towed)

  41. TYPE OF SERVICES REQUIRED (ext) • Doctors (medical cares, triage & first aids) • Nurses • Hospitals (contingency plan, hotels etc.) • Private clinics • Ambulance (public & private, private vehicles) • Police • Military • Coast Guard (private boats, yacht club etc.)

  42. TYPE OF SERVICES REQUIRED (ext) • City Fire Fighters • Stretcher Bearers (gym etc.) • Bomb Squad • Coroner • Crown Control • Cranes & other Mechanical Equipment • Psychologists

  43. AIRPORT INSTALLATIONS & EQUIPMENT REQUIRED • Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) • Mobile Command Post (MCP) • Rendez-Vous Point (RVP) & Signage • First Aid Equipment (medical) • Vehicle for Transportation of First Aid Equip. • Temporary Hospital • Temporary Morgue (refrigeration) • Airside Escort Vehicles

  44. AIRPORT INSTALLATIONS & EQUIPMENT REQUIRED • Body Bags • Bags for Victim’s Personal Effects • Press Room • Room for Victim’s Relatives • Room for Survivors • Transportation of Survivors • Radio Communications • Telephone Communications

  45. AIRPORT INSTALLATIONS & EQUIPMENT REQUIRED • Portable Generators • Portable Lighting System • METTAGs • Identification Arm Band • Emergency Laissez-Passer?? (police road block) or Airport Laissez-Passer

  46. AIRLINE VS AO RESPONSIBILITIES • The Airlines and the AO Responsibilities Vis-à-Vis the Passengers • Airlines are responsible for taking care of their passengers • AO is responsible to supply the installations used by the airlines for providing care to their passengers

  47. AIRLINE VS AO RESPONSIBILITIES • Example: • The AO supply the « survivor room » for the survivors but once the passengers are in the room, they become the responsibility of the airline involved

  48. MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT • Ref. example preceding slide • Who is responsible for the transportation of the passengers from the accident site to the « survivor’s room »? • Need for Mutual Aid Agreement • Operational details must be agreed upon before hand

  49. MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT • It is imperative that the AO arrange emergen- cy mutual agreements which define responsi- bilities and/or liabilities of each contributing parties

  50. MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT • Mutual Aid Agreement should at least include the following: • Clarification of political and jurisdictional responsibilities • Establishment of the command authority in the various phases of the emergency • Designation of communication priorities at the accident site • Organization of emergency transportation facilities under a predesignated coordinator

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