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Archipelago. An archipelago is a chain of islands. This is the Maltese Archipelago. Basin. A river basin sends all the water falling on the surrounding land into a central river and out to a larger body of water like the Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico. Bay.
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Archipelago • An archipelago is a chain of islands. • This is the Maltese Archipelago.
Basin • A river basin sends all the water falling on the surrounding land into a central river and out to a larger body of water like the Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico.
Bay • A bay is where a larger body of water protrudes into the mainland. • These are the Radical and Balding Bays of Magnetic Island.
Bight • Bight is another name for an open bay. • This is the Great Australian Bight
Canal • A canal connects two larger bodies of water. • They can be for transportation or irrigation. • The top picture is the Panama Canal which is used for transportation.
CANYON • A canyon is a deep valley between cliffs often formed by a river. • This is a picture of the Grand Canyon in Arizona.
Cape • A cape is a narrow strip of land that sticks out into a larger body of water. • This is a Cape Cod in Massachusetts.
Channel • A channel is any deeper route through shallower water. • This is a picture of the English Channel.
Cliff • Cliffs are nearly vertical rock exposures • The top photo is a cliff diver in Hawaii. • The bottom photo is the White Cliffs of Dover in England.
Coast • The coast is the area of land adjacent to the water. • This is the coastal village of Champania, Italy.
Current • A current is the directed movement of water within a larger body of water. • These are ocean currents of the coast of Australia. • Remember Nemo!
Delta • A Delta is where a river deposits land as it enters a larger body of water. • Top photo is the Nile River Delta. • Bottom photo is the Mississippi River Delta.
Divide • A ridge of land between two river basins • This is a picture of The Great Divide in Wyoming.
Estuary (Mouth of a River) • An estuary is where the river meets the sea. • Sometimes called a bay, sound, or fjord. • This is a picture of the Chesapeake Bay estuary.
Fjord • A fjord (or fiord) is a long, narrow estuary with steep sides, made when a glacial valley is flooded by the sea. • These are fjords in Norway.
Glacier • A glacier is a large, slow moving river of ice, formed from compacted layers of snow. • Glacier ice is the largest reservoir of fresh water on Earth. • Hubbard Glacier, Alaska.
Gorge • A gorge is another name for canyon. • This is the Royal Gorge in Colorado.
Gulf • A gulf usually refers to a large bay that is an arm of an ocean or sea. • For example, the Gulf of Mexico is the ninth largest body of water in the world.
Harbor • A harbor or harbour, or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. • Surrounded on most sides by land. • Smaller than a bay. • This is the Sydney Australia Harbor
Highlands • Highlands are an elevated or mountainous region. • They may be mountains, hills, or plateaus. • This is a picture of the Scottish Highlands.
Hills • A hill is generally somewhat lower and less steep than a mountain. • This is Connors Hills in Victoria, Australia.
Island • An island is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water, above high tide, and isolated from other significant landmasses. • Small island by Fuji.
Isthmus • An isthmus is a narrow strip of land that is bordered on two sides by water and connects two larger land masses. • This is the Isthmus of Panama.
Lake • A lake is a body of water of considerable size contained on a body of land. • A vast majority of lakes on Earth are fresh water, and most lie in the Northern Hemisphere at higher latitudes.
Mountain • A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. • A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. • A mountain usually has an identifiable summit. • Mount Everest in Nepal is the tallest mountain on Earth.
Mesa • A mesa is an elevated area of land with a flat top and sides that are usually steep cliffs. • Named after the Spanish word for table. • It is a characteristic landform of arid environments, particularly the southwestern United States.
Ocean • An ocean is a major body of salt water. • 5 Oceans? • Some people count the water around Antarctica as another ocean.
Peninsulas • A peninsula is a piece of land that is bordered on three or more sides by water. • A peninsula can also be a headland, cape, island promontory, bill, point, or spit. • Michigan has 2 peninsulas.
Plain • A plain is a large area of land with relatively low relief. • The Great Plains are the broad expanse of prairie and steppe which lie east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada. • This is part of the plain in Nebraska.
Plateaus • A plateau is a large highland area of fairly level land separated from surrounding land by steep slopes. • Mount Roraima is a plateau
Reef • A reef is a rock, sandbar, or other feature lying beneath the surface of the water yet shallow enough to be a hazard to ships. • This is part of The Great Barrier Reef near Queensland, Australia.
Reservoir • Reservoirs are usually man-made lakes that are created by dams that manage the water level. • They are used to collect and store water.
River • A river is a natural waterway that transits water through a landscape from higher to lower elevations. • The Danube River connects Hungary and Slovakia.
Sea • A sea is a large expanse of salt water connected with an ocean. • Sometimes a large, salt lake that lacks a natural outlet such as the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea.
Seaway (Inlet) • An inlet is a body of water, usually seawater, which has characteristics of one or more of the following:bay, a cove, an estuary, a firth, a fjord,a geo, a sea loch or sea pea, a sound, or a yo-yo. • This is the St. Lawrence Seaway.
Strait • A strait is a narrow channel of water that lies between two land masses. • This is the Bering Strait that separates North America from Asia
Source • The source of a river or stream may be a lake, a marsh, a spring, glacier, or a collection of headwaters. • Usually begins in highlands. • Mississippi River source near Grand rapids Minnesota.
Swamp • A swamp is a wetland that features temporary or permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water (salt or fresh). • This is a freshwater marsh in Florida.
Tributary • A tributary is a stream or river which flows into a larger river, and which does not flow directly into a sea. • There are 18 major tributaries to the Mississippi River, including the Ohio River ,Big Muddy River, Missouri River, Illinois RiverDes Moines River, and the Skunk River in Iowa.
Valley • a valley is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep river valley may be called a canyon or gorge. • A U-shaped valley in Glacier Natl. Park, Montana.
Volcano • A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from below the surface.
