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Tutorial 5 Windows and Frames Section B - Working with Frames and Other Objects

Tutorial 5 Windows and Frames Section B - Working with Frames and Other Objects. Go to Other Objects. Tutorial 5B Topics. Section B - Working with Frames and Other Objects How to create frames How to use the TARGET attribute How to create nested frames How to format frames

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Tutorial 5 Windows and Frames Section B - Working with Frames and Other Objects

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  1. Tutorial 5Windows and FramesSection B - Working with Frames and Other Objects Go to Other Objects

  2. Tutorial 5B Topics • Section B - Working with Frames and Other Objects • How to create frames • How to use the TARGET attribute • How to create nested frames • How to format frames • About the NOFRAMES tag • About the Location object • About the History object • About the Navigator object • How to reference frames and windows

  3. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Creating Frames • Frame • Independent, scrollable portions of a Web browser window, with each frame capable of containing its own URL • JavaScript treats each frame in an HTML document as an independent window • Each frame has its own Window object

  4. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Creating Frames • <frameset> tag • A frame container • Can only contain <frame> and other <frameset> tags • Others are ignored • Do not use <body> tags

  5. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Creating Frames • Frames can be created in rows, columns or both • <frameset> attributes • ROWS • Determines number of horizontal frames to create • COLS • Determines number of vertical frames to create

  6. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Creating Frames • Frame dimensions • Can be specified in: • Pixels • Absolute sizing • Percentages • Relative sizing • Asterisk (*) designates remainder of visible window

  7. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Creating Frames • <frame> tag • Used to specify options for individual frames • e.g., URLs • Placed within <frameset> tags • Can be assigned a name using the NAME attribute, which can be used as a target for a hyperlink

  8. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Creating Frames • Example: <html> <title><head>Frame Example</head></title> <frameset rows=“50%, 50%” cols=“50%, 50%”> <frame src=“FirstURL.html”> <frame src=“SecondURL.html”> <frame src=“ThirdURL.html”> <frame src=“FourthURL.html”> </frameset> </html>

  9. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Using the TARGET attribute • Menu systems • Popular use of frames • One frame to contain the hypertext links • Second frame to contain selected URLs • TARGET attribute • Determines in which frame or Web browser window a URL opens • <base> tag • Used to specify a default target for all links in a document

  10. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Nesting Frames • Nested frame • Frame contained within another frame • URLs of frames are loaded in the order in which each <frame> tag is encountered

  11. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Nesting Frames • Example: <frameset rows=“50%, 50%” cols=“50%, 50%”> <frame src=FirstURL.html”> <frameset rows=“50%, 50%” cols=“50%, 50%”> <frame src=“FirstURL.html”> <frame src=“SecondURL.html”> <frame src=“ThirdURL.html”> <frame src=“FourthURL.html”> </frameset> <frame src=“ThirdURL.html”> <frame src=“FourthURL.html”> </frameset>

  12. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Nesting Frames • Example: <frameset cols=“200, *”> <frame src=“InstrumentsList.html” name=“list”> <frameset rows=“75%, *> <frame src=“Instruments.jpg” name=“picture”> <frame src=“Welcome.html” name=“description”> </frameset> </frameset>

  13. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Frame Formatting • <frame> attributes • Several attributes are available to change a frame’s appearance and behavior

  14. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Frame Formatting • Example: <frameset rows=“20%, *, 20%”> <frame src=“header.html” noresize scrolling=no> <frame src=“body.html”> <frame src=“navigationbar.html” noresize scrolling=no> </frameset>

  15. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The <noframes> tag • Some older browsers are incompatible with frames • <noframes> tag displays an alternate message to users of those browsers • Example: <frameset rows=“20%, *, 20%”> <frame src=“header.html” noresize scrolling=no> <frame src=“body.html”> <frame src=“navigationbar.html” noresize scrolling=no> </frameset> <noframes> You cannot view… </noframes>

  16. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Location Object • Allows you to change to a new web page from within JavaScript code • Contains several properties and methods for working with the URL of the document currently open in a Web browser window Go to First Slide

  17. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Location Object • When you modify any property of the Location object, you generate a new URL • The web browser will then automatically attempt to open that new URL

  18. The Location Object • Example: location.href = “http://www.ithaca.edu” • Will cause the browser to open the ithaca home page

  19. The Location Object • The assign() method is same as the href property: location.assign(“http://www.ithaca.edu”) Will cause the ithaca home page to be loaded in the browser. • The reload() method is same as the reload button • If no argument or argument is false then the page is reloaded only if it has changed • If argument is true then the page will always reload

  20. The Location Object • The replace() method is similar to the href property: location.replace(“http://www.ithaca.edu”) • Difference: replace actually overwrites one document with another • Also replaces the old URL entry in the web browser’s history list. • The href property opens a different document and adds it to the history list.

  21. The Location Object • Example: • Redirect.html

  22. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The History Object • Maintains a history list of all the documents that have been opened during the current Web browser session • Security features • History object will not display the URLs on the list • May traverse the history list using methods/properties • In IE: only allows navigation if page is in same domain

  23. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The History Object Example: <input type="text" Name="newURL"> <input type="button" name="goto" value=" Go To " onClick="parent.main.location.href=document.controls.newURL.value;"> <input type="button" name="next" value=" Next URL " conClick="parent.main.history.forward();"> <input type="button" name="previous" value=" Previous URL " conClick="parent.main.history.back();">

  24. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Navigator Object • Used to obtain information about the current web browser • Typically used to identify browser

  25. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Navigator Object • Example: <script language=“javascript”> document.writeln(“Browser code name: “ + navigator.appCodeName); document.writeln(“Web browser name: “ + navigator. appName); document.writeln(“Web browser version: “ + navigator. appVersion); document.writeln(“Operating platform: “ + navigator. platform); document.writeln(“User agent: “ + navigator. userAgent); </script>

  26. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Navigator Object • Shortcut: with (navigator) { document.writeln(“Browser code name: “ + appCodeName); document.writeln(“Web browser name: “ + appName); document.writeln(“Web browser version: “ + appVersion); document.writeln(“Operating platform: “ + platform); document.writeln(“User agent: “ + userAgent); }

  27. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Navigator Object • testing: If (navigator. appName == “Microsoft Internet Explorer”) { location.href = “www.ithaca.edu/jbarr/myIE.html”; } Else location.href = “www.ithaca.edu/jbarr/myFireFox.html”;

  28. Working with Frames & Other Objects • The Navigator Object • Example: • NavigatorObjects.html • browserProperties.html

  29. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Referring to Frames and Windows • Frames object • Includes a frames[ ] array that contains all the frames in a window • frames[0], frames[1], etc. • Parent property • Used to refer to a frame within the same frameset • parent.frames[0], parent.frames[1] • Top property • Used to refer to the topmost frame in a frameset

  30. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Referring to Frames and Windows • Example: <frameset rows=“50%, *, 50%”> <frame src=“frame1.html” name=“FirstFrame”> <frame src=“frame2.html” name=“SecondFrame”> </frameset>

  31. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Referring to Frames and Windows • Example: frameReferences.html <P><INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Get thirdFrame's URL " onClick="alert(parent.frames[2].location.href);"></P> <P><INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Get the frame set document's URL " onClick="alert(top.location.href);">

  32. Working with Frames & Other Objects • Preventing frames: • Example: BreakoutCheck.html if (window != top) top.location.href=location.href • Changes the top window content to be the content of the current window

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