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Seminar No 1 “Some National and Local Statistics on Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS”

Follow-up to TPK Report “Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in Early Childhood Services in Zealand - February 2000”. Seminar No 1 “Some National and Local Statistics on Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS” Nomai Room, Te Puni Kokiri, Wellington (NZ),13 October 2000

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Seminar No 1 “Some National and Local Statistics on Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS”

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  1. Follow-up to TPK Report “Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in Early Childhood Services in Zealand - February 2000” Seminar No 1 “Some National and Local Statisticson Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS” Nomai Room, Te Puni Kokiri, Wellington (NZ),13 October 2000 Prepared by James Newell MERA - Monitoring and Evaluation Research Associates Ltd. For Te Puni Kokiri (Ministry of Maori Development) Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  2. Original Brief“Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in Early Childhood Services...” Report • Summarise and Illustrate Regional Disparities in ECS Enrolment and Participation between Maori and non-Maori over the 1996 to 1998 period, as far as this can be ascertained from Min Education data (Aug 99) • Provide an overview of the Quality or Early Childhood Enrolment data and comment on the implications of any problems for the assessment of Maori participation • Present the information in (a) above, in the context of changes in nationalenrolments for Maori and Non-Maori over the 1992 to 1998 period • Present the data by service type and age of child • Present write-up ranked from highest to lowestparticipation Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  3. What was achieved in“Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in Early Childhood Services...” Report? • Regional disparities in ECS enrolment and participation for 1996 to 1998 – focused on 1998, but to TLA level as well • Quality of ECS enrolment data and implications for assessment of participation - yes • National ECS Enrolment and Participation Trends 1992-1998 – actually 1991-98 • Trends by EC Service Type and Age Group - yes • Rank Areas from highest to lowest ECS participation - yes Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  4. Seminar Focus Some National and Local Statisticson Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS • National and Local - Maori and Non-Maori • Population, ECS Enrolments and ECS Participation • Statistical Measures, Rates and Trends • Conclusions • Issues Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  5. Population Data Components UsedSources : Stats NZ & MERA Derivatives • NZ Population Estimates by Maori/Non-Maori, Age, and Gender for 1991-98 (Statistics NZ for TPK 1999) • Regional and Local Authority Level 1996 Population Estimates based on Supermap 3 outputs reconciled with an earlier statistical table of single year of age by ethnic group (Reconciled Local Supermap3 and Stats NZ National) • 1998 Regional and Local Authority Population Estimates derived from scaling 1996 Census statistics pro-rata to fit 1998 National Population Estimates (MERA Local Estimates) Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  6. ECS Enrolment Data UsedSource : Ministry of Education Aug 99 • 1990-98 NZ Enrolment Statistics by Maori/Non-Maori by Age, Gender and Service Type • 1998 Te Kohanga Reo National Trust Summary by Age and Ethnic Origin, for Regions and Local Authorities • Individual ECE Enrolment Statistical Returns by Institution for 1992 to 1998 • Institution Profiles for ECD Playgroup and Pacific Island Language Nests Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  7. Quality Issues : ECE Enrolment Data • Standardisation and consistency lags behind school enrolment data • ECE services more diverse than schools and generally have less admin resources • Sessional hours and other attributes vary • Different Survey methods used by some service types • Possibility of double counting – a child can use more than one service over the same week • Ministry of Education revising the ECD Playgroup series from the numbers here • 1998 Data of higher quality than earlier data Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  8. Monitoring of Early Childhood Services • Measures / Indicators • Enrolments as a % of the Catchment Population • Maori Enrolments as a % of Total Enrolments • Both affected by double counting • “ECE Participation Rates” require local population estimates and catchment assumptions • “% Enrolments Maori” is a biased indicator – eg. recent increase in Maori pre-school population relative to non-Maori larger than relative changes in enrolments Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  9. National Preschool Population Trends • NZ Population Estimates 1991-98 (Stats NZ Aug 99) • Maori and Non-Maori Under 5’s • By Age (0, 4 yr olds) Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  10. What do the Statistics Tell Us? Population Statistics Enrolments Participation Rates Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  11. National Trends – Under Five Population : 1991-98Source : Statistics NZ for TPK Aug 99 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  12. Maori Population Trends – 0 and 4 year olds 1991-98Source : Statistics NZ for TPK Aug 1999 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  13. Non-Maori Population Trends – 0 and 4 year olds 1991-98Source : Statistics NZ for TPK Aug 1999 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  14. National ECS Enrolment Trends • Maori and Non-Maori ECE Enrolments 1991-98 (MinEd Aug 99) • Total – all ages, types, genders Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  15. National Trends –ECS Enrolments : 1983-98Source : Ministry of Education Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  16. National Trends – Maori and Non-Maori Under Five ECS Enrolments : 1990-98Source : Ministry of Education for TPK (Aug 99) Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  17. National Trends in ECS Participation 1991-98 • Rate • Raw / Indexed to 1991 • By Type • Maori / Maori vs Non-Maori • By Age • Maori by Type / Maori vs Non-Maori Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  18. Maori and Non-Maori ECS Participation Rate and Disparity Estimates 1991-98 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  19. Maori and Non-Maori ECS Participation Rate Index 1991-98 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  20. Maori and Non-Maori ECS Participation Rates by Type 1991 and 1998 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  21. Maori ECS Participation Rates by Type 1991 and 1998 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  22. Maori ECS Enrolments by Type : 1990-98 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  23. Non-Maori ECS Participation Rates by Type 1991 and 1998 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  24. Non-Maori ECS Enrolments by Type : 1990-98 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  25. Maori ECS Enrolments by Age and Type : 1990-98 Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  26. Sub-National Differences in ECS Participation Disparities • Apparent Regional Disparities 1998 • High Regional Rates in Hawke’s Bay, Taranaki, Wellington • Low Rates in Auckland, West Coast, Waikato, Tasman • Local Authority Level Differences Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  27. Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  28. Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  29. Conclusions (slide 1) • Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori ECE Participation fluctuate between 1991 and 1998, but appear to be increasing • Small reduction in disparities amongst 4 year olds • Under 5 year old ECE Participation from 1991 to 1998 • Maori increased from 30% to 39% (9%) • Non-Maori increased from 46% to 61% (15%) Disparities grew from 16% to 22% Disparities reduced from 1992-94 – then increased Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  30. Conclusions (slide 2) • Maori pre-school population increasing not decreasing as for non-Maori • Participation Rates are not increasing and disparities are rising • Need to rethink policy and programme settings / environment if want to increase participation Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

  31. Issues • How can participation rates be increased? • What are the reasons for local variation in participation rates? • What would the picture look like if incorporate quality indicators to enrich the analysis? • What would happen if add in degree of Maori language immersion as a dimension? • What indicators should be used to monitor performance in reducing disparities? Disparities between Maori and Non-Maori Participation in ECS in New ZealandTe Puni Kokiri : Seminar1Oct 2000

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