Map Colors

2. Map Colors

3. Black - cultural man made features (bldgs, roads, elevations, all labels) Blue - hydrography or water features (stream, river, lake, swamp, etc) Green - vegetation w/ military significance (woods, orchards, vineyards, etc) Red /Brown - combined to ID cultural features, all relief features, elevation, and contour lines (used on newer red light readable maps)

4. Major Terrain Features

5. Hill

6. Saddle

7. Valley

8. Ridge

9. Depression

10. Minor Terrain Features

11. Draw

12. Spur

13. Cliff

14. Supplementary Terrain Features

15. Cut & Fill CUT FILL

16. Military Grid Reference System

18. 1000 Meter Grid Square VGT 20A

19. VGT 21

20. 1000 Meters 1000 Meters VGT 21

21. 4 Digit Grid – within 1000m 91 FT0390 90 03 04

22. Placement of Coordinate Scale on a Grid

23. 6 Digit Grid – within 100 m 91 9 100 Meters 8 7 6 FT035906 5 4 3 2 1 90 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 03 04 03 5

24. 6 Digit Grid – within 100 m 91 9 100 Meters 8 7 6 FT035906 5 4 3 90 6 2 1 90 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 03 04

25. 8 Digit Grid – within 10 m 91 9 100 Meters 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 90 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 03 04

26. 8 Digit Grid – within 10 m 3 2 1 90 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 03 04 FT 0355---- 5 6 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4

27. 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 8 Digit Grid – within 10 m 91 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 90 4 5 6 7 8 9 04 FT 03559027

28. Practical Exercise (1:50,000 scale Tenino map) 1) Find an 8 digit grid for Crawford Mountain Lookout Tower (vic EG 1887). Answer: EG 18058758 2) Find an 8 digit grid for the Zion Chapel (vic EH 1102). Answer: EH 11300291 3) What structure is located at EH 06900250? Answer: Abandoned Machine Gun Bunker 4) What structure is located at EG 10549310? Answer: Railroad Bridge 5) What is the terrain/vegetation like vicinity of EG 083955? Answer: Marsh / swamp

29. Measuring Distance

30. Contour Lines

31. Graphic Scale Statute Miles Kilometers Nautical Miles

32. Straight Line Distance

33. Curved Line Distance

34. Curved Line Distance

35. Practical Exercise – Horizontal Distance 1) What is the straight line distance (in meters) between the Olympia Municipal Airport Beacon (EH 07780249) and the horizontal control station located at EG 05489809? Answer: 4,970 m 2) What is the straight line distance (in meters) between the chimney located at EG 10957786 and the water tower located at EG 09948210? Answer: 4,360 m 3) What is the straight line distance (in meters) between Violet Prairie Church (vic EG 0687) and the water tower located vic EG 1088? Answer: 4,390 m 4) What is the road distance in meters from EG 10759700 to EH 08950100? Answer: 5,150 m (approx)

36. Practical Exercise – Vertical Distance 1) What is the vertical height (in meters) at EG 12758880? Answer: 120 m 2) What is the change in vertical distance from EG 14908436 to EG 14758585? Answer: 220 m ; (360m – 140m) 3) What is the estimated maximum elevation of the hilltop located at EG 171844? Answer: 310 m

37. Grid Azimuth

38. VGT 28

39. VGT 23

40. B A VGT 30

41. B A VGT 31

42. Practical Exercise 1) What is the back azimuth of 71 degrees? Answer: 251 degrees 2) What is the back azimuth of 287 degrees? Answer: 107 degrees 3) What is the Grid Azimuth from the TV Relay Tower (EG 12568775) and the water tower near Forest Cemetary (EG 11508558)? Answer: 206 degrees

43. Your Magnetic Compass

44. VGT 43

45. VGT 44

46. Compass to Cheek Method

47. Centerhold Method

48. Angle Conversion

49. THREE NORTH'S G N N TRUE NORTH MAGNETIC NORTH GRID NORTH VGT 32

50. VGT 33