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Canada 1970- 1979

Canada 1970- 1979. CHC2D Unit 4 1945- 1982. introduction. The 60’s unrest spilled into the 1970’s with great force- especially in Quebec FLQ (Front de Liberation du Quebec) War Measures Act (PM Trudeau) Parti Quebecois elected into Power in Quebec (Separatist). introduction.

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Canada 1970- 1979

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  1. Canada 1970- 1979 CHC2D Unit 4 1945- 1982

  2. introduction • The 60’s unrest spilled into the 1970’s with great force- especially in Quebec • FLQ (Front de Liberation du Quebec) • War Measures Act (PM Trudeau) • Parti Quebecois elected into Power in Quebec (Separatist)

  3. introduction • 1971 Pm Trudeau officially adopted a policy of multiculturalism (not assimilation) • Just Society concept- new social programs- immigration laws were amended to eliminate any racial discrimination • Just Society had to respond to issues of equality of women, Aboriginal peoples, immigrants, and Francophone Canadians

  4. introduction • Economically- high inflation and high unemployment • Energy Crisis- OPEC reduced production and increased prices • Trudeau forced Alberta to freeze its oil costs • Federal government introduced wage and price controls- unions fought back • Canadian service industries became the most important sector in Canada (technology, retail, banks, etc…)

  5. introduction • Culturally, Canada continued to fight against American influence • New Canadian content awards- Juno Awards for Music, ACTRA for television, film and radio • 1972 The Cold War had a ‘fight’ of sorts- 1972 Summit Series between Canada and the USSR (CCCP)….we won (Paul Henderson) • 1975 CN Tower finished • 1975 Seatbelts became compulsory! • 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal • 1979 Mr. Bergman was born! (Canada’s population- 24 million)

  6. Focus: Quebec- October Crisis • 1970’s- francophone living in Quebec felt they had less equal opportunity then Anglophones • Separatism • FLQ- 60’s and 70’s nationalist terrorist group- robberies, bombings- 5 murders. 23 FLQ members had been arrested (many cells) • October 1970- abducted British Trade Commissioner James Cross and Quebec’s Minister of Labour- Pierre Laporte

  7. Focus: Quebec- October Crisis • October 12, 1970- PM Trudeau stationed troops in Ottawa • See clip • The majority of Canadians approved of military intervention in this crisis • October 16- War Measures Act- all civil liberties are removed • October 18- Pierre Laporte was found dead in the trunk of a car • James Cross was found December 3- FLQ members negotiated a deportation to Cuba- did eventually return

  8. Focus: Quebec- October Crisis • The October Crisis ended radical separatism- but political separatism surged • The use of the War Measures Act by the government has caused immense debate- the government’s invasion of civil liberties is always a hot issue • Similar issues arose after 9/11-

  9. Activity See handouts- The War Measures Act

  10. Focus- Quebec- Separatism • The Parti Quebecois- in power in Quebec • Rene Levesque- Bill 101 • 1980- Sovereignty referendum- Quebec was asked to vote on whether they believed they should seek independence from Canada • No side won with 60% of the vote • 1995 similar vote taken- No side on with 50.6% of the vote

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