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Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's Disease. Guadalupe Lupian Mrs. Marsh 1 st period . What is Alzheimer's?.

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Alzheimer's Disease

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  1. Alzheimer's Disease Guadalupe Lupian Mrs. Marsh 1st period

  2. What is Alzheimer's? • Alzheimer's disease causes brain changes that get worse due to time. It’s a brain disorder that causes progressive loss of academic and social skills, severe enough to mess with your daily routines

  3. Associated Features • Alzheimer's disease is a slowly progressive disease of the brain that is characterized by damage of memory eventually causing problems in • Reasoning • Planning • Language • Perception

  4. DSM-IV-TR CRITERIA • The development of multiple cognitive deficitsmanifested by both • 1.Memory impairment (impaired ability to learn new information or to recall previously learned information). • 2. One (or more) of the following cognitive disturbances • a. Aphasia (language disturbance) • b. Apraxia (impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function. • c. Agnosia (failure to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory function). • d. Disturbance in executive functioning (i.e., planning, organizing, sequencing, abstracting).

  5. Stages of Alzheimer's • There are three stages to this disease which are • Stage1=Mild/Early (Duration of 2- 4 years) • Stage2=Moderate/Middle (Duration of 2-10 years) • Stage3=Severe/Late (Duration of 1-3 years)

  6. DSM-IV-TR CRITERIA (Continued) • B.The cognitive deficits in Criteria A1 and A2 each cause significant impairment in social or occupational functioning and represent a significant decline from a previous level of functioning. • C.The course is characterized by gradual onset and continuing cognitive decline. • D.The cognitive deficits in Criteria A1 and A2 are not due to any of the following: • 1.Other central nervous systems, conditions that cause progressive deficits in memory and cognition (e.g., cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, subdural hematoma, normal-pressure hydrocephalus, brain tumor). • 2.Systemic conditions that are known to cause dementia (e.g., hypothyroidism, vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency, neurosyphilis, HIV infection). • 3.Substance-induced conditions.

  7. DSM-IV-TR CRITERIA (continued) • E.The deficits do not occur exclusively during the course of a delirium. • F.The disturbance is not better accounted for by another disorder (e.g., major depressive disorder, schizophrenia).

  8. Etiology • Although the cause of Alzheimer's disease is unknown, known risk factors for the disease include increasing age, positive family history, and previous head trauma • Theories regarding Alzheimer’s disease focus on the abnormalities of the brain involving the nervous system .

  9. Prevalence • An estimated 5.4 million Americans of all ages have Alzheimer’s disease in 2011. • This figure includes 5.2 million people aged 65 and older • 200,000 individuals under age 65 who have younger-onset Alzheimer’s.A1 • One in eight people aged 65 and older (13 percent) has Alzheimer’s disease.A2 • Nearly half of people aged 85 and older (43 percent) have Alzheimer’s disease.A3 • 4 percent are under age 65, 6 percent are 65 to 74, • 45 percent are 75 to 84, and 45 percent are 85 or older.(41),

  10. Treatment • Most drugs used to treat Alzheimer's are aimed at slowing the rate at which symptoms become worse. • Unfortunately, there is no cure for Alzheimer • Denepozil • Memantine • Agitation • Modifying the home enviorment • Support family members and other caregivers

  11. Prognosis • The average life expectancy for someone with Alzheimer's is 8 to 10 years • People with Alzheimer’s have been known to live up to 20 years after the 1st sign emerge • Patients usually don't die directly from Alzheimer's disease • Swallowing • Walking • Overwhelming infections such as pneumonia

  12. Questions ? • Why do you think Alzheimer's has attracted the elderly rather then the young? • Do you think having Alzheimer's affects just the patient?

  13. References • Myers,d.g.(2011).Myers psychology for ap.NewYork,NY:Worth Publishers • Halign,R.d.&whiteboune,S.K(2005).Abnormal psycology:clinicalpersepectives on psychologicaldisorders.NewYork,NY:Mcgraw Hill • Thompson,J.D.(2012)Sources of Information and Support for Alzheimer's Disease.(1-1) • (2012).About Alzheimer'shttp://www.alzfdn.org/AboutAlzheimers/definition.html

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