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Mapping Environmental Worldviews

Mapping Environmental Worldviews. Assumptions and Theoretical Commitments. Environmental Ideal Types. Ideal Type. Theory/ Philosophy. Market Liberals. Neoclassical Framework (economics) “Sustainable Development” is the key discursive concept Markets should guide behaviour

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Mapping Environmental Worldviews

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  1. Mapping Environmental Worldviews Assumptions and Theoretical Commitments

  2. Environmental Ideal Types Ideal Type Theory/ Philosophy

  3. Market Liberals Neoclassical Framework (economics) “Sustainable Development” is the key discursive concept Markets should guide behaviour Commitment to Growth (Poverty Alleviation) Best served by liberalizing trade and investment; deregulation; “getting prices right;” private property rights Market-failure is a possibility, but rare. History suggests a pattern of “continuous improvement.” Innovation can solve whatever problems arise.

  4. Institutionalists International Relations framework (political science) Considerable overlap with Market Liberals Commitment to Growth; “Sustainable Development”; Faith in innovation. Need for local, national, and global governance (increased role for states, sub- and supernational organizations in establishing appropriate institutional environment) Market failure considered more common and in pressing need of correction through political and social institutions. Sovereignty and lack of coordination are roots of environmental degradation (esp. in the commons), not our economic system.

  5. Bioenvironmentalists Share a commitment to the idea of ecological limits; human societies as embedded in natural systems. Malthusian aspects: population growth is a key problem Human Ecologists Focus on carrying capacity of the earth Highly “Scientistic” (mapping limits of human use of natural systems and consequences of “overshoot” for people) Problem is biological (population) and cultural (consumption). Deep Ecologists Focus on moral questions about the value of nature. Problem is too much science (and its twins, technology and industrialization) Problem is largely cultural: our conception of the “self” is too limited.

  6. Social Greens Environmental and social problems are inextricable; Inequality (esp. unequal relations of power) and domination are at the base of environmental problems. Current social relations are inherently unsustainable and anti-ecological. Human relations with nature are determined by a “hegemonic bloc.” Costs and benefits of those relations are very unequally distributed. Marxian Problem is capitalism. Profit motive, requirement of growth, alienation (from nature). Ecofeminist Problem is patriarchy, androcentrism, dualisms, culture and economy of domination. Communitarian Problem is industrialization, scale of production and exchange, lack of feedback due to distancing.

  7. Application: E-Waste 1. What is the source of the problem, exactly, or is it a problem at all? 2. Are there viable solutions to the problem? What are they? Prepare to argue and defend “your” perspective on e-waste to your classmates.

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