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Water Quality of Potholes in Agricultural Landscapes of East-Brandenburg (Germany)

C entr e for Agr icultural Landscape and Land Use Research (ZALF). Water Quality of Potholes in Agricultural Landscapes of East-Brandenburg (Germany). Thomas Kalettka 1 & Catrin Rudat 2. 1 ZALF, Institute for Hydrology, tkalettka@zalf.de 2 Umweltplan Stralsund Gmbh, cr@umweltplan.de.

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Water Quality of Potholes in Agricultural Landscapes of East-Brandenburg (Germany)

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  1. Centre for Agricultural Landscape and Land Use Research (ZALF) Water Quality of Potholes in Agricultural Landscapes of East-Brandenburg (Germany) Thomas Kalettka1 & Catrin Rudat2 1 ZALF, Institute for Hydrology, tkalettka@zalf.de 2 Umweltplan Stralsund Gmbh, cr@umweltplan.de

  2. Dynamics of water quality parameters of potholes - Electric conductivity - Electrolyte poor potholes: B_BAP, E_20, E_19 Electrolyte rich potholes: E_6, B_205, L_17f

  3. Water quality parameters of potholes - Electrolyte pollution - very softly 0-4°dH softly: 4-8°dH moderate hard: 8-12°dH fairly hard: 12-18°dH hard: 18-30°dH very hard: >30°dH

  4. Dynamics of water quality parameters of potholes - bioproduction and matter dynamics - Polytrophic pothole B-BFA 1993-1998 Characteristics of potholes eutrophication : - summer period: dense hydrophyte stands with reduced species number - winter period: maximum of algae - cyclic reduced oxygen: internal matter loading from the sediment

  5. Correlation between phytoplancton and macrophytes Macrophytes not dominant Macrophytes dominant

  6. Analysis of bioavailability of phosphorus from sediments bioavailability a) direct available P SRP of the NH4Cl-extract of P b) reductive available P SRP of the BD-extract c) total available P sum SRP of the extracts d) not available P residual-P SRP = Soluble Reactive P NRP = Not Reactive P (NRP= TP-SRP) TP = Total P

  7. Internaleutrophicationby release of phosphorus from sediments increasing of redox sensitive potential for P-release 1: B-BAP; 2: B-II/8; 3: B-KP; 4: E-19; 5: L-18b; 6: E-6; 7:E.20; 8: L-18; 9: B-BFA; 10: B-207c; 11: B-203 Redox soluble Fe(III) bound phosphorus in the sediment Classification of the eutrophication potential of aquatic pothole sediments

  8. Hydrochemical main parameters of potholes in agricultural landscapes High, significant correlation (p < 0,05) at 9 from 16 Parameters PCA-Ordination plot of extracted variables in correlation to 39 potholes Extraction: Mean components; factorrotation: varimax; Results: Factorloadings of variables marked loadings 0,65 Group 1: P-rich Mineral-poor Group 2: P-poor Mineral-poor Group 3: P-rich Mineral-rich Group 4: P-poor Mineral-rich

  9. Wasser quality (trophic level) of potholes in agricultural landscapes (modified method by Klapper 1992) Lietzen (n=15), Eggersdorf (n=15), Müncheberg incl. Eggersdorf (n=59) (2,5-2,9 = eutroph; 3,0-3,4 = high eutroph; 3,5-3,9 = polytroph; 4,0-4,4 = high polytroph) • low trophic level within arable land = low matter loading disposition • ·      big potholes with wide buffer strips (high buffer capacity) • ·      small potholes within small slightly rolling catchment (low soil erosion) • ·      lacking of input from drainages • ·      soil ramparts at the upper shore (high buffer capacity)

  10. Correlation between trophic level and matter loading disposition of potholes Assessment of matter loding disposition (MLD) by score system: MLD = Total (matter loading factors) – Total (buffer capacity of pothole) n = 29; r = 0,79; significant p < 0,001

  11. Water quality classification of potholes (modified after Klapper 1992) 1* - Sum coverage of macrophytes + filamentous green algae </= 50 % 2* - Coverage % of whole surface water area with litoral charakter (maximum of vegetation period), Trophic level indication by species combinations, use only if sum of coverage of macrophytes/filamentous green algae >/= 25 %

  12. Trophic level indication of standing waters by hydrophytes (literature) N* = Ellenberg et al. (1991) I° = Melzer (1988)

  13. Preliminary trophic level indikation of potholes by hydrophytes *Coverage in % of whole water area with litoral charakter (maximum May to September)

  14. Correlation between matter loadings and biodiversity of macrophytes n = 32; r = 0,19; nicht significant n = 32; r = 0,38; significant p < 0,02 n = 32; r = 0,64; significant p < 0,001 n = 32; r =0,59; significant p < 0,001 Problem: Shortage of weak eutrophic reference sites in the agricultural landscape

  15. Correlation between water qualityandsurface sediment pollution n = 22; r = 0,76; significant p < 0,001 n = 22; r = 0,54; significant p < 0,01 • Problems: • influence of soil erosion and wet-dry cycle on mud formation (silicate muds) • shortage of weak eutrophic reference sites in the agricultural landscape n = 22; r = 0,66; significant p < 0,005

  16. Influence of runoff in winter period on trophic level of potholes in agricultural landscapes with middle to high matter loading disposition 1 = low runoff 3 = snowmelt, high runoff, frozen soil 2 = rain, high runoff, soil not frozen 4 = snow/rain, thawing soil, middle runoff

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