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Progressive Reforms and Women's Suffrage During the Roosevelt Era

Explore how Teddy Roosevelt's administration implemented progressive reforms and how women fought for suffrage rights during this era of change, including initiatives to clean up local government, regulate business, improve public health, and advance environmental conservation.

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Progressive Reforms and Women's Suffrage During the Roosevelt Era

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  1. The Progressive era under Teddy Roosevelt

  2. Cleaning up local government • 1900 storm in Galveston, TX • Reform- 5 member commission of experts • By 1917, 500 cities had followed Galveston’s example • Council-manager form of government • Fairer tax structures • Lowered fares for public transportation • Work relief for unemployed

  3. Reform at state level • Robert La Follette-Wisconsin governor • “Fighting Bob” • Led the way in regulating business • Major target: railroad industry (taxed, regulated rates) • National Child Labor Committee- sent investigators to gather evidence of children working in harsh conditions • Success in effecting legislation that banned child labor

  4. Reform at state level • Muller v. Oregon- limited women to a ten-hour work day • Argued that poor working women were much more economically insecure than large corporations • Women required state’s protection

  5. Reforming elections • Initiative- bill that originated by the people rather than lawmakers • Referendum- A vote on the initiative • Recall- enabled voters to remove public officials from elected positions by forcing them to face another election before the end of their term • 17th amendment

  6. Women and reform • NACW- National Association of Colored Women • Women’s suffrage  NAWSA (National American Woman Suffrage Association) • “I would sooner cut off my hand than ask the ballot for the black man and not for women” • Women in state legislatures in the west were granted right to vote

  7. Teddy roosevelt • Youngest president ever • Square Deal- various progressive reforms sponsored by Roosevelt administration • Three C’s: • Conservation of Natural Resources • Control of Corporations (TRUSTBUSTING) • Consumer protection • 1902 Coal Strike- • Coal miners in PA went on strike; mine operators refused to bargain • ***Federal government intervenes on the side of the people/workers- first time***

  8. Health • The Jungle- Upton Sinclair • Revolting sensational novel • Wanted to appall the public w/ his description of unsanitary food products • Filth & disease of Chicago’s meat-packing industry • Meat Inspection Act- dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers & created program for federal meat inspection

  9. Health • Medicine included opium, cocaine & alcohol • Harmful preservatives added to food • Pure Food and Drug Act- halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines; called for truth in labeling • Given accurate information, people can act wisely

  10. Environment • Gifford Pinchot named as head of U.S. Forest Service • Conservation • Federal government manages precious water resources in the West

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