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The Carter Administration: Key Foreign Policy Initiatives and Challenges (1975-1979)

This text explores the significant foreign policy decisions of President Jimmy Carter's administration from 1975 to 1979. It covers critical events, including U.S. responses to Soviet aggression in Africa and the Middle East, the Camp David Accords, the Iran Hostage Crisis, and the implementation of the Carter Doctrine regarding Afghanistan and the Persian Gulf. The document highlights the complexities of arms control efforts, such as SALT II, and the geopolitical dynamics involving China, Latin America, and military interventions, assessing their long-term implications on U.S. foreign policy.

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The Carter Administration: Key Foreign Policy Initiatives and Challenges (1975-1979)

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  1. Carter and the Moral Impulse • I. Carter • II. Latin America • III. Camp David • VI. China • Iran • Afghanistan • Arms Control

  2. I. Jimmy Carter

  3. Soviet or Soviet-sponsored direct or indirect aggression, 1975-1979 - Angola (through Cuba), 1975-76 - Ethiopia, 1977-78 - South Yemen, 1978 - North Yemen (supported by South), 1979 - Afghanistan (local Communist coup), 1978 - Cambodia (Vietnamese invasion), 1978 - Afghanistan, 1979

  4. Patricia Derian

  5. Zbigniew Brzezinski

  6. Zbigniew Brzezinski Cyrus Vance

  7. II. Latin America

  8. Panama Canal Treaty, August 1977

  9. Anastasio Somoza Debayle

  10. Jeanne Kirkpatrick

  11. III. Camp David

  12. Camp David Talks, September 1978

  13. Camp David Accords, September 18, 1978

  14. IV. China

  15. Deng Xiaoping – Jimmy Carter

  16. V. Iran

  17. Shah Reza Pahlavi

  18. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

  19. January 16, 1979

  20. November 4, 1979

  21. Desert One

  22. VI. Afghanistan

  23. “The Carter Doctrine” “. . . an attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force.”

  24. Post-Afghanistan Measures • tabling of Salt II • creation of Rapid Deployment Force • re-institution of the draft • sharp increase in defense spending • increase in aid to Pakistan • series of sanctions • boycott of Moscow Olympics • cancellation of exchange programs

  25. VII. Arms Control

  26. Jimmy Carter

  27. MX Missile

  28. Pershing II

  29. SS-20

  30. B-1 Bomber

  31. SALT II, June 18, 1979

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