SA ARMY TECHNOLOGY WORK SESSION SYNDICATE FEEDBACK INNOVATION HUB, PRETORIA

1. SA ARMY TECHNOLOGY WORK SESSION SYNDICATE FEEDBACK INNOVATION HUB, PRETORIA Presented By: Col Adri Kotze Syndicate 1 20 March 2008

2. CONTENT • Approach • Main Conclusions • Alignment with V2020 • Process for Technology Requirements • Summary of Identified Technology Requirements • Questions/Discussion

3. 2006 IDF/WEST BANK CASE STUDY

4. 2006 IDF/HEZBOLLAH CASE STUDYHow technology was defeated

5. AIM • To provide syndicate feedback on selected technology issues.

6. SUMMARY OF MAIN CONCLUSIONS (1) • Need of a appropriate structure (Op Systems and POSTEDFIT) • Complexity vs availability • Applied Technology • High vs low tech • Appropriateness • Situational awareness, C2 & Logistics • What is strategic essential • System engineering capability • Technology integration and continuity • Management Framework

7. SUMMARY OF MAIN CONCLUSIONS (2) • Funding of Technology • Gap identification & prioritisation • Unique “African” technologies • “Packaging of Technology” (Example Crotale System in the 1970s) • Technology surveillance vs focussed reconnaissance • Systems approach • Technology requirements • Optimum use of existing management structures (LDCB, SAAAC, Techno Forums) • Find the “bright ideas” and reward

8. SUMMARY OF MAIN CONCLUSIONS (3) • Establish a DERI (Virtual structure) • Independent Concept Development Centre. The Army needs concepts to drive technology • Influences on Technology (DI, White Papers, SCAMP, Current SANDF structures, relationship with DST) • Develop a National Defence Technology Strategy • Take strategic view of all national defence institutions • Match this technology base • Develop new military organisational forms • Objectives and concepts are verified no changes proposed ito Syndicate 1 view

9. ADDITIONAL INTEGRATED MAIN CONCLUSIONS • Detergent capability • FD and Technology Readiness Levels • Balanced force • Logistics!!!! • Get in first • Situational awareness • Think smart vs budget constraints • Achieve ready technology at the • Appropriate level and • Time to react to requirements

10. REMEMBER!!! Technology by itself is meaningless unless it can be applied in a military useful direction.

11. ALIGNMENT WITH VISION 2020 • The SA Army Technology Requirements are to be aligned with Vision 2020 with special attention to the following capability qualities: • Light and manoeuvrable. • Precision strike. • Full protection. • Information superiority. • Sustainment in all conditions.

12. PROCESS TO DETERMINE TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS FOR V2020

13. SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES (1) • Command and Control. Command and control technologies improve or enhance the capability of a product system, unit or formation commander to effectively apply command and control. • Technologies that could result in the simultaneous application of joint capabilities battle command on the move (C2 Bde HQ and lower) and having sufficient relevant information available when required could fall in this area. • Pointers • Digitisation, vetronics and simulation related technology projects would be typical projects in this area. • Network centric technology (appropriate) • Cyberspace related environment (wireless lan, intra/inter net etc) • Simulation of C2 related effects • Interoperable with focus on JIM

14. SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES (2) • Firepower. Firepower entails the collective, co-ordinated and effective delivery of munitions. Technologies in this area should be focussed to provide the precision strike capability as required by the Vision 2020 through the development of precision systems and munitions. Appropriate terminal effects, as well as the simulation of internal ballistics should fall into this category. • Pointers • Lethal, less than lethal, non lethal • Precision long distance fire power • Collateral damage minimise • Manned and unmanned fire power • Intelligent munitions • Application of fire power in different types of “terrain” (jungle vs urban vs rural etc) • Integration of fire control (Fire Support Coordination including fire planning and target acquisition enabling technologies) • Integration the fire power effects • High energy weapons/effectors • Electronic Magnetic Pulse effectors (EMP) • Thermo baric effectors (appropriate effects based on required missions) “List them” • Profiles of smart munitions • Appropriate level of precision strike

15. SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES (3) • Protection. This area includes all levels of survivability and protection, in other words against kinetic energy rounds, fire, biological and chemical warfare, land mines and psychological attacks and all the other threats against soldiers, systems and operational formations identified during the appreciation that was executed when compiling the Vision 2020. These are: • Detection avoidance (visual, thermal, radar, acoustic and seismic signature management), • Hit avoidance (sensors and counter measures), • Kill avoidance (armour protection and fire and explosion suppression systems) technologies should be developed to enhance overall vehicle survivability. • Typical enabling technology projects that could fall in this category are simulation of landmine protection, occupant injury prediction, ballistic simulations and the development of landmine simulants. • Specific Pointers • Psychological protection • Protection against cyber/hacking • Protect equipment and information • ECM • Base protection (multi spectral) • Body armour appropriate for asymmetric conditions • Passive defence • Personal/individual protection

16. SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES (4) • Mobility and Manoeuvre. High mobility and manoeuvre entails various forms of movement, either to or within the theatre of operations. The Future African Battle Space will be significantly different from the environment existing South African PME were designed for, with predominately clayey soils in areas such as the DRC and Burundi compared to the predominately sandy soils in South Africa, Angola and Namibia. • All aspects pertaining to the enhancement of the movement of soldiers, systems and operational formations should fall in this category, including Engr related projects (to ensure the mobility of employed forces) and the delivery by land, air and sea of supplies. • Terrain measurement, terrain classification and generic mobility simulations are important enablers for mobility and manoeuvre technology projects. • Pointers • Force projection technologies (sea, air, land) • Sealift vs maritime manoeuvre • Inland water • GIS related technologies • Jungle technologies • “Foot Wear” • Construction capabilities (roads, run ways, unpaved and paved surfaces)

17. SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES (5) • Situational Awareness and Intelligence. Situational awareness focuses on tactical reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance and target acquisition and could include projects researching manned sensors, unmanned sensors and information warfare technologies. • Pointers • Sensor and fusing (integration) thereof • UAV (full spectrum) • Robotics? • MMI interface • Acquiring, assessment and dissemination of info • Human Enhancement technologies? • Intelligent sensors

18. SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGIES (6) • Sustainment. This area includes projects pertaining to the sustainment of the soldier, systems and operational formations. Current ‘Combat Support’ projects would typically fall in this area. • Pointers • Forward log bases • Pre-positioning • Multiple lines of support • Asset tracking • Hardened logistical system • Log system on internal and external lines of communication • JIM log system • Host nation support • Civilian contractors • Organic, intermediate and depot level log system • Replace vs fix enhanced available • Air-drop technologies • Ergonomics/medical • Replacement and re-enforcement.

19. THANK YOU

20. SA ARMY TECHNOLOGY WORK SESSION INNOVATION HUB, PRETORIA CONCLUSION Framework for a Future Strategy Presented By: Col Adri Kotze SSO Armament Planning 20 March 2008

21. TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVE Create an SA Army Technology Strategy to ensure the continuingavailability of sound technical advice and advanced and affordable technology to support mission-successful defence capabilities.

22. SA ARMY TECHNOLOGY BASE • Technology base must serve the following purposes: • Maintain the capability to detect threats. • Be aware of trends in military technology and their implications for the SANDF (in other words scan the technological landscape). • Be capable of producing technology demonstrators that can rapidly be turned into military technology if necessary (in other words technology demonstrators should be used to demonstrate the suitability of technologies). • Be capable of providing expert advice for procurement purposes. • Provide test and evaluation services. • Support upgrade and maintenance activities.

23. TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT MODEL

24. THANK YOU