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Mark Vagins Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo

Gd Status. Mark Vagins Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo. 4 th Open Meeting for the Hyper-Kamiokande Project Kashiwa January 28, 2014. Super-Kamiokande. Super-K Water system. EGADS Hall (2500 m^ 3). ５０ｍ.

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Mark Vagins Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo

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  1. Gd Status Mark Vagins Kavli IPMU, University of Tokyo 4th Open Meeting for the Hyper-Kamiokande Project Kashiwa January 28, 2014

  2. Super-Kamiokande Super-K Water system EGADS Hall (2500 m^3) ５０ｍ In order to make sure that the GADZOOKS! idea (Gd enrichment)will work in Super-Kamiokande, we have built a dedicated gadolinium test facility in the Kamioka mine. This 200 ton-scale R&D project is called EGADS – Evaluating Gadolinium’s Action on Detector Systems.

  3. EGADS – Evaluating Gadolinium’s Action on Detector Systems n EGADS Facility ne p p g Gd Beacom and Vagins, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93:171101, 2004 g e+ ;. Adding water soluble gadolinium to Hyper-K would greatly enhance its ability to detect antineutrinos. EGADS is a dedicated gadolinium demonstrator project which includes a working 200 ton scale model of Super-K. 12/2009 11/2011 8/2013 9/2013 Within this year, EGADS will have shown conclusively whether or not gadolinium loading of Super-K/Hyper-K will be safe and effective. If so, this is the likely future of all light water Cherenkov detectors.

  4. Gd loading of the 200-ton tank • Feb. 6th, 2013: Inject first 30 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O • Feb. 13th: Inject another 30 kg (60 kg total) • March 6th: Inject 29.4 kg (89.4 kg total) • March 20th/21st: Inject 60 kg (149.4 kg total) • April 1st/2nd: Inject 124.6 kg (274 kg total) April 16th20th: Inject 126 kg (400 kg total) World record: Largest single quantity of gadolinium in solution!

  5. Percentage of Cherenkov light remaining after 15 meters of travel SK-III and SK-IV Ultrapure Water = 74.7% - 82.1% @ 15 m 60 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O 52% n capture on Gd 89.4 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O 62% on Gd 149.4 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O 73% on Gd 274 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O 83% on Gd 400 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O 88% on Gd 30 kg of Gd2(SO4)3*8H2O 35% n capture on Gd Monte Carlo studies using these water transparency data are under way within the physics analysis groups of Super-K

  6. We then drained the tank to prepare for PMT installation. Looking down into the EGADS tank after four months of gadolinium exposure. No rust!

  7. An EGADS timeline: 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 R&D Project Approved Hall E Excavation Build 200-ton Tank Install Water Systems 15-/200-t Pure Water Runs 15-ton Tank Gd Runs 200-ton Tank Pure Water Run w/o PMTs 200-ton Tank Gd Run w/o PMTs 200-ton Tank PMT Installation 200-ton Tank Pure Water Data-taking Run Since the last Hyper-K Open Meeting we have completed construction of the EGADS neutrino detector, which includes 13 Hyper-K prototype PMTs. [see Nishimura-san’s talk]

  8. EGADS PMT installation; August 2013

  9. Working Inside the EGADS Tank; August 2013

  10. Looking Down Into the Completed EGADS Detector; August 2013 Insert: Event Display of a Downward-Going Cosmic Ray Muon

  11. Percentage of Cherenkov light remaining after 15 meters of travel SK-III and SK-IV Ultrapure Water = 74.7% - 82.1% @ 15 m By turning on and off various components of the EGADS water system we can see that the newly-installed detector materials are still being conditioned by the ultrapure water. Additional water system components are being installed this weekend to speed up conditioning. Target date for injecting Gd = March 1st , 2014 Pure water in 200-ton EGADS detector.

  12. An EGADS timeline: 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 R&D Project Approved Hall E Excavation Build 200-ton Tank Install Water Systems 15-/200-t Pure Water Runs 15-ton Tank Gd Runs 200-ton Tank Pure Water Run w/o PMTs 200-ton Tank Gd Run w/o PMTs 200-ton Tank PMT Installation 200-ton Tank Pure Water Data-taking Run 200-ton Tank Gd Data-taking Run ATM  QBEE Electronics Upgrade Full Galaxy Supernova Sensitivity Fully Automated Instant Supernova Alert Capability

  13. = ~1,100,000,000 JPY This exact, bid-ready price is for one HK cavern’sgadolinium-related equipment. It is based on SCW’s experiencegained from building and operating EGADS. Adding gadolinium-related water system equipment for the full detector (i.e., both caverns) will therefore add about 2,200,000,000 JPY (2-3%)to the total project costif SCW’s pricing prevails.

  14. In conclusion: the key Gd/water-related developments • After good Gd results without phototubes, the EGADSphototubes (and 13 HK tubes) have been installed and the DAQ put together. Now EGADS is a fully functional detector running with pure, SK-like water. • After the new detector elements finish “soaking in” we will addgadolinium to the detector. Target date = March 1st , 2014 • A formal decision on adding Gd2(SO4)3 to SK is expected to be made later this year after results from the Gd-loaded EGADS detector are acquired and studied by the Collaboration’s physics analysis groups. • Assuming Super-K decides to move forward, the actual timing of SK’s Gd upgrade will have to be negotiated and agreed upon by all interested parties. • Meanwhile, based upon what has been learned in Hall E, other Gd-loaded WC detectors (WATCHMAN, ANNIE, etc) are now being seriously pursued in the US.

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