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Institute for Social & Behavioral Research

Institute for Social & Behavioral Research. Observational Assessment. Jan Melby Observation Unit Director. Information types*. Feelings. Behaviors *. Facts. Thoughts. * Observers specialize in documenting behaviors . Observation Unit mission statement.

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Institute for Social & Behavioral Research

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  1. Institute for Social & BehavioralResearch

  2. Observational Assessment Jan Melby Observation Unit Director

  3. Information types* Feelings Behaviors* Facts Thoughts *Observers specialize in documenting behaviors

  4. Observation Unit mission statement Trained observers, working across time, multiple projects, and varied populations, apply standardized rating scales to structured video-recorded interactions in order to provide reliable and valid assessments of human behavior for use in understanding family processes and interpersonal relationships.

  5. Observation staff requirements • Confidentiality • Human subjects’ training • Objectivity • Learn & apply observational system • Attention to detail • Code at criterion level • Respect for research process

  6. Types of observers • Family Interaction Analysts • Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scales • Child Behavior Coders • Home Temperament Assessment Battery • Body Image Raters • Body Mass Index

  7. Observational task types & examples • Discussion-based tasks Parent-child discussion Family problem-solving Couple discussion • Activity-based tasks Puzzle Clean-up • Temperament tasks Perfect circles Snack delay Strange mask

  8. Questions observers help answer • What did people say? • What did people do? • What happened after someone spoke? • How were people physically oriented? • How did people respond verbally to each other? • What were people like “together”? • What were the patterns of interaction?

  9. Document behavior Identify interaction processes Identify “what” occurred Record & categorize “evidence” Determine thoughts Measure feelings Identify “why” a behavior occurred Draw inferences from “evidence” Role of trained observers Can Cannot

  10. Value of observational data • Outsider perspective • Standard frame of reference • Assess individual behaviors & family interaction processes • Attend to multiple cues (verbal, vocal, nonverbal) • Numerous was to evaluate data

  11. Process of observational coding • View interaction • Take notes • Evaluate “evidence” • Record scores

  12. Use of observer ratings in data analysis • Single behavior • Composite scale • Construct indicator • Predictor variable • Moderator / mediator variable • Outcome variable

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