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Distilling and Purification Plants

Distilling and Purification Plants. “Water, water everywhere…”. Objectives. Comprehend the theory and operation of distilling plants including energy transformations that take place Comprehend the different types of distilling plants

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Distilling and Purification Plants

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  1. Distilling and Purification Plants “Water, water everywhere…”

  2. Objectives • Comprehend the theory and operation of distilling plants including energy transformations that take place • Comprehend the different types of distilling plants • Comprehend the concepts of salinity monitoring and water conservation

  3. “Water, water everywhere… nor any drop to drink.” - Samuel Taylor Coleridge The Ancient Mariner “Wake up Aquaman!” - EM2(SS) Barrow USS Louisville (SSN 724)

  4. Fresh Water Uses • STEAM PLANT!!! • Electronics Cooling • Hotel Services • Cooking/Drinking • Laundry • (Showers) • Freshwater Washdown

  5. Important Concepts • Distillation: seawater freshwater • Evaporation • Condensation • Feed (seawater @ 35,000 ppm Cl-) • Distillate (<0.1 ppm Cl-) • Brine (>35,000 ppm Cl-) • Salinity (salt concentration in H20)

  6. Distillation Process

  7. Distilling Plant Types • Flash-Type • Vertical Basket • Vapor-Compression • Reverse-Osmosis

  8. Flash Type • Most combatants • High capacity (12,000 –50,000 GPD) • Distillate (<.065 ppm) • 150# Auxiliary Steam • Vacuum operation • More efficient • (-) soluble salts

  9. Flash Type

  10. Vertical Basket • Submarines • Similar to Flash type • Med. capacity (8,000 - 10,000 GPD) • Low Pressure (Auxiliary) Steam

  11. Vertical Basket

  12. Vapor-Compression • Ships without STEAM propulsion • Diesels and submarines (as backup) • Low capacity (4000 GPD) • Compresses generated steam using electricity

  13. Vapor-Compression

  14. Reverse-Osmosis • Distillate is <50 ppm • good enough to drink • but not for engineering plant feedwater • H2O migrates through semi-permeable membrane (salt is blocked) • High pressure req’s (400+ psia) • Multi-stage units preferred

  15. Reverse-Osmosis

  16. Salinity Monitoring • Salinity cells • Strategic placement throughout plant • Continuous remote monitoring of fresh water • Auto flow shutoff using solenoid valves

  17. Water Conservation • Limited resource • Standard “Navy shower” • Water hours

  18. Restrictions • Chemical Additives • Volatile Content • Geographic Restrictions

  19. SWO(N)

  20. Questions?

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