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Buffers and its uses.

Buffers and its uses. Done By: Ng Sze Hian 1P1 (20). What is a buffer solution?. It is a solution that does not change the pH of a solution.

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Buffers and its uses.

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  1. Buffers and its uses. Done By: Ng SzeHian 1P1 (20)

  2. What is a buffer solution? • It is a solution that does not change the pH of a solution. • Consists of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. It has the property that the pH of the solution changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. • Conjugate= (of an acid and a base) related by the loss or gain of a proton: NH 3  is a base conjugate to NH 4 + . NH 4 +  is an acid conjugate to NH 3 .

  3. Difference between a buffer solution, acidic buffer solution, and alkaline buffer solution. • A buffer solution is one which resists changes in pH when small quantities of an acid or an alkali are added to it. • An acidic buffer solution is simply one which has a pH less than 7. Acidic buffer solutions are commonly made from a weak acid and one of its salts - often a sodium salt. • An alkaline buffer solution has a pH greater than 7. Alkaline buffer solutions are commonly made from a weak base and one of its salts.

  4. Examples of buffer solutions • One example of a buffer solution is blood as many life forms thrive only in a relatively small pH range.

  5. How do buffer solutions work? • A buffer solution has to contain things which will remove any hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions that you might add to it - otherwise the pH will change. Acidic and alkaline buffer solutions achieve this in different ways.

  6. Uses of buffer solutions • Our body uses buffers to maintain a blood pH of 7.35-7.45, and also in a massive number of biochemical reactions involving enzymes. • Used in biological experiments in the lab, especially those pertaining to proteins or DNA. • Buffer solutions are also widely used in industry. Industrial processes requiring buffer solutions include fermentation, controlling dye processes and manufacturing pharmaceuticals. • In research, buffers are used all the time to run biochemical assays. The pH must remain relatively constant for such assays, thus a buffer solution is used.

  7. Uses of buffer solutions… • It is also used in patch testing. Acid and alkaline products must usually be diluted before patch testing in order to be non-irritant. The use of ordinary solvents for the dilution often means low-concentration products to be tested. By using buffer solutions, the possible test concentrations can be increased at least many hundred fold. • In research, buffers are used all the time to run biochemical assays. The pH must remain relatively constant for such assays, thus a buffer solution is used.

  8. References • http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/buffers.html • http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4912029_what-buffer-solutions-used.html

  9. THANK YOU!!!

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