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damental Physics

damental Physics. FUN. Dr. Michael Cooke Dr. David Schmitz Fermilab. Newton’s Laws of Motion. Objects in motion want to stay in motion and objects at rest want to stay at rest Forces change motion: F orce = m ass × a cceleration Forces come in equal and opposite pairs. o.

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damental Physics

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  1. damental Physics FUN Dr. Michael Cooke Dr. David Schmitz Fermilab

  2. Newton’s Laws of Motion • Objects in motion want to stay in motion and objects at rest want to stay at rest • Forces change motion:Force = mass × acceleration • Forces come in equal and opposite pairs o

  3. Gravity is a Fundamental Force! doesn’t move moves faster • Gravity changes the way things move, so it must cause a force • Help us explore the force of gravity! G G moves slowly moves fastest G G

  4. Physics works EVERYWHERE

  5. Energy • All moving objects have energy! • We call it kinetic energy • Energy takes many forms, and can be stored as potential energy • Energy can transform between types!

  6. Momentum • All moving objects have momentum! • Momentum = mass × velocity (or ) • Momentum has a direction • Momentum can transfer between objects!

  7. Conservation • In a closed system, thetotal energy and the totalmomentum are conserved! • Help us think about: • Energy transformation • Momentum transfer • Energy & momentumconservation

  8. Laws of Spin?

  9. Physics in the Olympics!

  10. Spin and Angular Momentum • A spinning bike wheel likes to stay vertical • It has a lot of angular momentum • Trying to tip it makes it twist instead! • If you twist it, it twists you back!

  11. Charge • What is charge? • How do they act? • “Stuck” charges are called static electricity • Where have YOU seen charge? • Help us explore charge!

  12. Particle Physics 101 • Our particle beam starts with ionized hydrogen (H–) being moved by a huge amount of static electricity!

  13. Electricity • Electricity is moving charge! • Can you help us make electricity? • Where is the energy to make the electricity coming from?

  14. Magnetism • What is a magnet and how does it act? • Let’s test out some magnets!

  15. Magnets & Moving Charges • How do we control the particles in our accelerator? • The same way you do with YOUR accelerator at home!

  16. Our Magnets Make a Circle…

  17. Electricity & Magnetism? • Moving magnets can make electricity… • Moving charges can make a magnet… • What if they both happen together?

  18. Maxwell, Einsteinand Beyond! • Imagine a changing electric field that induces a changing magnetic field that induces a changing … • Yes, this can and DOES happen and we call it light! • The funny thing is, light always travels at 299,792,458 meters per second… • Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity explains what happens in a world where everyone always sees light moving at the same speed

  19. E=MC2! Energy Conservation! Momentum Conservation!

  20. Making Something New • Why “High Energy” physics? • Energy can be transformed, but it also must be conserved • E=mc2 lets us make new forms of matter, but only up to the limit of our beam energy!

  21. Detecting Particles • We use energy and momentum conservation to figure out what happened inside our detectors • Some particles (neutrinos!) can’t be seen in our detectors…but we can still tell they were there! MINERnA

  22. The FUNdamentals! • Newton’s Laws of Motion • Energy • Momentum • The Laws of Spin • Charge • Electricity • Magnetism • E=mc2 • Particle Physics!

  23. Thanks for coming to the Fermilab Open House! If you have any questions about any of our FUNdamental topics, ask away! We will also be available to answer questions between sessions! Dr. Michael Cooke <mpc@fnal.gov> Dr. David Schmitz <dschmitz@fnal.gov> Fermilab

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