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MIS 70451 Lab session: HTML

MIS 70451 Lab session: HTML. June 01, 2007. HTML – How It Works. HTML is a “markup” language Pre-dates word processors such as MSWord “Explains” page layout to a web browser How? Through the used of directives called TAGS. Example: make text appear as bold <B> THIS TEXT WILL BE BOLD </B>.

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MIS 70451 Lab session: HTML

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  1. MIS 70451Lab session: HTML June 01, 2007

  2. HTML – How It Works • HTML is a “markup” language • Pre-dates word processors such as MSWord • “Explains” page layout to a web browser • How? Through the used of directives called TAGS. • Example: make text appear as bold <B> THIS TEXT WILL BE BOLD </B>

  3. HTML – How It Works • Browsers ignore spaces and tabs in your text • Example: The following are displayed the same by browsers: <B> THIS TEXT WILL BE BOLD </B> <B > THIS TEXT WILL BE BOLD TOO </B> • Display in a browser

  4. HTML – How It Works • General format: <TAG attrib1=valueattrib2=value2….>Text</TAG> • Need a beginning tag, e.g. <B> • And an ending tag, e.g. </B>

  5. Starting a Web Page • All web pages must begin and end with the HTML tag <HTML> All your html code goes here … </HTML>

  6. Header & Title • Add title bar with HEAD and TITLE tag <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>My Home Page</TITLE> </HEAD> ... <HTML> • Display in a browser

  7. Main Body • Create the body of the page with the BODY tag <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>My Home Page</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> … </BODY> <HTML>

  8. Headings and Sub-headings • Headers are marked by the H#, where # can be 1-6 for different sizes <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>My Home Page</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>The Story of My Life</H1> <H2>Introduction</H2> <H3>Where it all began</H3> … </BODY> <HTML> • Display in a browser

  9. Alignment for Headings & Paragraphs • Use ALIGN modifier • Left, center, and right justify <H1 ALIGN=LEFT> Joe’s home page </H1> <H1 ALIGN=CENTER> Joe’s home page</H1> <P ALIGN=RIGHT> Joe’s home page</P> </P> ends paragraph. Alignment reverts to default.

  10. Text Options • Flow of text can be controlled with paragraph and line breaks • <BR> breaks text at the end of a line • <P> breaks text at the end of a paragraph and adds a blank line • <BR> and <P> do not require a closing tag, but get in the habit of using them. • Example: Hi<BR>there<BR>Joe<BR> => “Hi there Joe”

  11. Justification of Text • Left, center, and right justify a paragraph <P ALIGN=LEFT>imagine a BIG paragraph in here</P> <P ALIGN=CENTER> imagine a BIG paragraph in here </P> <P ALIGN=RIGHT> imagine a BIG paragraph in here </P> • Note that the </P> is used here to end the paragraph and turn off the alignment

  12. Type Styles • bold <B>…</B> • italic <I>…</I> • underline <U>…</U> • typewriter <TT>…</TT> • strikeout <S>…</S> • blink <BLINK>…</ BLINK> • Display in a browser

  13. Choosing Font Sizes • Font Size • base font size (default=3, range = 1-7; 1=smallest, 7=largest) • <BASEFONT SIZE=5> • font size • <FONT SIZE=3> • relative font size • <FONT SIZE=+1> increases font size by 1 • <FONT SIZE=-2> decreases font size by 2 • Display in a browser

  14. Hyper-Text Links • Use <A HREF=“…”> to link to another web page • HREF attribute points to the new page • text between <A…> and </A> will be highlighted as a link, e.g., “click here for syllabus” below will be highlighted <A HREF=“http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/aagarwa1/”> click here for My andrew web page </A> Display in a browser

  15. Linking within One Document • To name a section of your document use <A NAME=“Degree”>MBA – Harvard University</A> • NAME serves as an anchor within your HTML document where you can “jump” when a link is selected • An HREF can refer to a named portion of a web page by putting a # in front of the name <A HREF=“# Degree”>Degree</A> <A HREF=“#Experience”> Experience </A> … <A NAME=“Degree”>MBA – Harvard University</A> … <A NAME=“Experience”>Wendy’s</A>

  16. Displaying Graphics • Graphics • Add graphics with the IMG SRC command • To find graphics already on andrew, follow the link here. <IMG SRC=“mnt.jpg”> <IMG SRC=“spn.jpg”> • Link is: http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/aagarwa1/icons

  17. Graphic Links • Combine links with graphics so when you click on the graphic it takes you to the linked web page <AHREF=“http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/aagarwa1/> <IMG SRC=“icons/spn.jpg”> </A> • Display in a browser

  18. Graphic Sizing and Borders • WIDTH and HEIGHT specify graphic size in pixels • Warning: browser will stretch picture to fit <IMG SRC=“MyPicture.gif” WIDTH=150 HEIGHT=200> • BORDER specifies width of border in pixels <IMG SRC=“MyPicture.gif” BORDER=14>

  19. Ordered Lists • Ordered lists <OL> can use numbers (1), capital letters (A), lowercase letters (a), or Roman numerals (i) <OL TYPE=1 START=5> <LI>first line <LI>second line ... </OL>

  20. Unordered Lists • Unordered lists <UL> can use a disc, circle, or square <UL TYPE=circle> <LI>first line ... </UL> • All lists use <LI> to specify a new line • Display in a browser

  21. Tables • Tables are easy way to create neatly aligned columns for presentation • Steps to creating a table • Define the Table • Define the Rows • Define the Cells and cell content

  22. Tables • Define Table <TABLE> …define rows and columns here </TABLE> • Some Table Attributes • Alignment <TABLE ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER> • Border <TABLE BORDER=1></TABLE> • Desired Width <TABLE WIDTH=##> (specify ## in pixels) <TABLE WIDTH=##%> (## is percentage of page)

  23. Table Rows and Columns • Define Table Rows <TR> … </TR> (must appear within table) • Some Row Alignment options <TR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|MIDDLE|BOTTOM> • Define Table Cells (i.e., columns) <TD> … </TD> (must appear within table rows) • Some Cell Alignment options <TR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER VALIGN =TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>

  24. Table Example <TABLE ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=25%> <TR ALIGN=LEFT> <TD> R1C1 </TD> <TD> R2C2 </TD> </TR> <TR ALIGN=LEFT> <TD> R2C1 </TD> <TD> R2C2 </TD> </TR> </TABLE> • Display in a browser

  25. Four Steps to Publishing Personal Web Pages on Andrew • Create WWW folder on Andrew • Create HTML content • Transfer HTML content to Andrew • “Publish” your HTML files

  26. Create WWW Folder on Andrew • Launch Secure Shell Client from the “SSH Secure Shell” or “Communications” folder under Programs • Use the following settings to establish your telnet connection: Host: unix.andrew.cmu.eduUserid or User Name: Your Andrew UserIDPassword: Your Andrew Password • Type the following command mkdir www <Enter> fs sa www system:anyuser rl <Enter> rm www/.kwpublish <Enter> • Type the following command exit <Enter>

  27. Create Some HTML Content • Launch MS Word. • Type “Hello World” • Choose Save as Web Page… option under File menu • Type “index” as file name and save in My Documents folder

  28. Transfer your HTML Files to Andrew • Launch Secure File Transfer Client from the “SSH Secure Shell” or “Communications” folder under Programs • Connect to unix.andrew.cmu.edu • Locate and select the ‘My Documents’ folder in upper left panel • Locate and select the WWW directory in the lower left panel • Drag the ‘index.html’ file from the upper right panel to the lower right panel

  29. Publish your HTML Files • Launch Internet Explorer • Go To: http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/server/publish.html • Type your andrew userid in the field at bottom of the page • Click Publish Should see “Success!” • View your web page at: http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/aagarwa1 (Substitute your andrew id for aagarwa1)

  30. Need More Help? Detailed instructions at: http://www.cmu.edu/computing/documentation/web_courseorg/course_org.html

  31. Tools for Building HTML • Commerical Tools • Adobe • Microsoft • Freeware

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