Cataloging and Searching by Standards in DLESE

1. Cataloging and Searching by Standards in DLESE Collections Committee Meeting 18-19 March 2003 Holly Devaul

2. Search-by-Standards – the data • V 2.0 • National Science Education Standards (NSES) content standards • National Geography Standards • V 2.x-3.0 • AAAS Benchmarks • NCTM Math • Technology • Additional NSES

3. What does it mean? • Need to clarify in order to • to support consistent cataloging • informed searches in discovery • What terminology best describes intended association? (aligns with, correlates to etc) • At what granularity should we be cataloging the NSES standards?

4. NSES granularity structure-current approach • Grade level • Lettered content standard • Ability • 5-8 • Content Standard D Earth and Space Science • Structure of the earth system • Earth's history • Earth in the solar system

5. NSES granularity structure- deeper level, finer grain • Grade level • Lettered content standard • Ability • Concepts and objectives • 5-8 • Content Standard D Earth and Space Science • Structure of the earth system • The solid earth is layered with a lithosphere; hot, convecting mantle; and dense, metallic core. • Lithospheric plates on the scales of continents and oceans constantly move at rates of centimeters per year in response to movements in the mantle. Major geological events, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building, result from these plate motions • Land forms are the result of a combination of constructive and destructive forces. Constructive forces include crustal deformation, volcanic eruption, and deposition of sediment, while destructive forces include weathering and erosion. .PLUS 8 MORE

6. User focus groups • Three groups so far • DWEL K-12 and Informal ( 2 ) • Local middle school teachers, district coordinator, university geology/education professor • Looked at 3 resources in DLESE that have standards data, reflecting a variety of resource types and sources of standards associations • Discussion included specifics of the example resources as well as general expectations of a library search-by-standards service

7. Results • New teachers, curriculum developers and district supervisors suggested as primary audiences • Experienced teachers appreciate the information in full record, but not likely to search-by-standards • Knowing the source of the association (creator or cataloger) is of interest but is not crucial to the teachers’ consideration of the appropriateness of the associations. The associations are assumed to be guideposts but they make their own final judgements.

8. Results, continued • Prefer a looser association using the current granularity of data • “supports the student learning of ….” • Include text based, background material, exclude datasets and software

9. Immediate plans • Pre-service teacher focus group • NSDL community meeting • Enhance and clarify published best practices • Review all records currently containing standards data to ensure they are in keeping with the best practices that hve resulted from this work.

10. Future possibilities • Moving the data to an annotation record to enable “ who said” and “ how” information • Perhaps include finer granularity in full record display but continue search at one level up • Provide more specific content info • To map to AAAS benchmarks • Requires signficant manual retrofit