1 / 14

Hukum Mendel (Mendel’s Laws of Heredity)

Hukum Mendel (Mendel’s Laws of Heredity). Prof. sutarno. Hasil persilangan Mendel. Fertilization : the uniting of male and female gametes Cross (persilangan): combining gametes from parents with different traits. What Did Mendel Find?.

rigg
Télécharger la présentation

Hukum Mendel (Mendel’s Laws of Heredity)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Hukum Mendel (Mendel’s Laws of Heredity) Prof. sutarno

  2. Hasil persilangan Mendel • Fertilization: the uniting of male and female gametes • Cross (persilangan): combining gametes from parents with different traits

  3. What Did Mendel Find? • He discovered different laws and rules that explain factors affecting heredity.

  4. Rule of Unit Factors • Each organism has two alleles for each trait • Alleles - different forms of the same gene • Genes - located on chromosomes, they control how an organism develops

  5. Rule of Dominance • The trait that is observed in the offspring is the dominant trait (uppercase) • The trait that disappears in the offspring is the recessive trait (lowercase)

  6. Law of Segregation (hukumsegregasi) • The two alleles for a trait must separate when gametes are formed • A parent randomly passesonly oneallele for each trait to each offspring

  7. Law of Independent Assortment (Hukumberpasanganbebas) • The genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.

  8. Phenotype & Genotype • Phenotype - the way an organism looks • red hair or brown hair • genotype - the gene combination of an organism • AA or Aa or aa

  9. Heterozygous & Homozygous • Heterozygous - if the two alleles for a trait are different (Aa) • Homozygous - if the two alleles for a trait are the same (AA or aa)

  10. Dihybrid vs Monohybrid • Dihybrid Cross - crossing parents who differ in two traits (AAEE with aaee) • Monohybrid Cross - crossing parents who differ in only one trait (AA with aa)

  11. 6 tipe persilangan monofaktorial (misalnya B utk hitam dominan, b putih resesif)

  12. Test Cross (uji silang) • Untuk menentukan genotipe suatu individu yang menunjukkan fenotipe dominan, krn indiv tsb dpt mrpkn homozigot maupun heterozigot. • Untuk mengetahui berapa banyak macam gamet yg dihasilkan oleh individu yg genotipenya dipertanyakan • individu homozigot resesif digunakan sbg induk uji silang • Misalnya kita akan melakukan uji silang antara marmut jantan berbulu putih dengan marmut betina berbulu hitam yg genotipenya tdk diketahui.

  13. Sekenario 1. betina hitam tsb homozigot: • P : • Gamet : • F1 : • Kesimpulan: Dominan homozigot/ dominan heterozigot? Skenario 2: betina hitam tsb heterozigot: • P : • Gamet : • F1 : • Kesimpulan: Dominan homozigot/ dominan heterozigot?

  14. Persilangan balik (backcross) • Perkawinan F1 dengan salah satu induknya (jndiv yg identik genotipenya dgn genotipe induk) • Misalnya persilangan antara marmut betina hitam dengan marmut jantan putih. Seekor anak jantan F1 disilangbalikkan dengan induk betinanya. Hasil persilangan dan persilangan balik?

More Related