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THE FUNDAMENTALS

This article explores the process of person perception and its impact on forming impressions, making snap judgments, and predicting future behavior. It discusses various factors and biases involved in attributions and the formation of trait implications.

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THE FUNDAMENTALS

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  1. THE FUNDAMENTALS

  2. COUNT THE NUMBER OF F'S IN THE BOX • FINISHED FILES ARE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF MANY YEARS

  3. PLEASE READ THE SAYING Paris in the the Springtime

  4. Drove up a newcomer in a covered wagon; "What kind of folks live around here?" "Well, stranger, what kind of folks was there in the country you come from?" "Well, they was mostly a lowdown, lying, gossiping, backbiting, lot of people." "Well, I guess, stranger, that's about the kind of folks you'll find around here." And the dusty gray stranger had just about blended into the dusty gray cottonwoods in a clump on the horizon when another drove up. "What kind of folks live around here?" "What kind of folks was there in the country you come from?" "Well, they was mostly a decent, hardworking, law abiding, friendly lot of people." "Well, I guess, stranger, that's about the kind of people you'll find around here." And the second wagon moved off and blended with the dusty gray • From the THE PEOPLE YES, by Carl Sandburg, 1936.

  5. Estimated Relationship Potential

  6. PERSON PERCEPTION PROCESS Based on summary of research findings in Person Perception, Schneider, Hastrof, & Ellsworth

  7. 1. ATTRACTION • STIMULUS • Appearance, context, behavior stream • OUTPUT • Selecting and categorizing.

  8. 2. SNAP JUDGMENT • STIMULUS • Categorized appearance and behavior • OUTPUT • Immediate emotional reactions (attraction or withdrawal and stereotyped judgments)

  9. REACTIVE STIMULUS Behavior units where the perceiver believes the actor is responding to a powerful internal or external stimulus OUTPUT A causal hypothesis as to why the behavior occurred.... PURPOSIVE STIMULUS Behavior units where the experience is dominated by intentionality on the part of actor. OUTPUT The attribution of a trait, intention, attitude, or ability 3. ATTRIBUTIONS

  10. Attribution: When and how people form causal inferences • Fundamental Attribution Error • Actor-Observer Effect • Self-based (false) consensus effect • Defensive Attributions • Self-serving Attributional bias • Self-centered Bias

  11. 4. TRAIT IMPLICATIONS • STIMULUS • The attribution of a trait • OUTPUT • The hypothesis that certain other traits also exist.

  12. 5. IMPRESSION FORMATION • STIMULUS • Perceiver’s hypothesis that a group of traits are attributed to the actor • OUTPUT • The formation of a general judgment, often likability. Organization of stimuli.

  13. 6. PREDICTION OF FUTURE BEHAVIOR • STIMULUS • Behavior units, snap judgments, traits, general impressions • OUTPUT • Prediction as to how a person will behave in certain classes of situations.

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