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Aim #17: What are the KEY Constitutional principles?

Aim #17: What are the KEY Constitutional principles?. (I) Background to Constitutional Convention. Purpose was to: REVISE the Articles of Confederation b. Each state (with the exception of Rhode Island) sent delegates c. George Washington was elected chairperson

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Aim #17: What are the KEY Constitutional principles?

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  1. Aim #17: What are the KEY Constitutional principles?

  2. (I) Background to Constitutional Convention • Purpose was to: REVISE the Articles of Confederation b. Each state (with the exception of Rhode Island) sent delegates c. George Washington was elected chairperson d. Delegates voted to conduct the meetings in secret

  3. (II) THE PREAMBLE: Intro. To Constitution • It States basic purposes of government • Establish justice • insure domestic tranquility (in response to Shays’ Rebellion) 3. Promote general welfare 4. Promote common defense b. Authority of government comes from the people

  4. (III) Constitutional Principlesa. Popular sovereignty and republicanism 1. Popular Sovereignty means the government is controlled by the people (found in Preamble…”We the People…”) Example(s) – People can run for office, campaign for individuals who run, or protest decisions made by other, and vote.

  5. b. Republicanism • Republicanism means people vote for people to represent their views in Congress. 2. Found in Article I of the Constitution Example: In our country, we have voted for 435 Representatives and 100 Senators. They make our nation’s laws.

  6. c. Separation of Powers • powers of government divided into 3 branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. 2. Found in Articles I, II and III of the Constitution

  7. d. Checks and Balances

  8. e. What are Individual Rights? 1. Individual Rights are personal liberties and privileges that people are born with and can not be taken away. 2. Found in Bill of Rights

  9. f. Federalism 1. Federalism is a system of government in which powers are shared by the national and state governments. 2. Found in the 10th Amendment (reserved clause) (all powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states)

  10. (IV) The Constitution as “Living Document” • Amendment Process 1. 1st 10: Bill of Rights • Extremely hard process to amend the Constitution. • Results in only 27 amendments in over 225 years. School House Rock! Bill http://www.postdiluvian.org/~gilly/Schoolhouse_Rock/pix/bill.jpg

  11. Living DocumentKey Amendments: Bill Of Rights • Includes freedom of speech, the press, religion, assembly, the right to bear arms, protection from unreasonable search and seizure, trial by jury, and more. Bill Of Rights http://www.corliss-lamont.org/tbor-prt.gif

  12. Living DocumentKey Amendments: Civil War Amendments • Amendments 13-15. • Ended slavery, guaranteed slaves citizenship and equal rights, and guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race. 13th Amendment: Emancipation http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Images/13th.jpg

  13. b. The Elastic Clause. • “The Congress shall have power…to make all laws which shall be “necessary and proper” for carrying into execution the foregoing powers…” This means Congress can stretch its powers to pass laws to change with society. Article I, Section 8, Clause 18. c. Commerce Clause. 1. Regulate trade with other nations and between states. • Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. • Allows the laws to keep pace with technological and economical changes.

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