Cell Growth and Division

Cell Growth and Division

Question 1 - 10 • Name the three stages of Interphase

Answer 1 – 10 • G1 • S (Synthesis) • G2

Question 1 - 20 • Name the 4 stages of Mitosis

Answer 1 – 20 • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

Question 1 - 30 • During which stage of the Cell Cycle does the cell carry out its normal functions?

Answer 1 – 30 • G1

Question 1 - 40 • Explain what happens during S – Stage of Interphase

Answer 1 – 40 • The DNA is copied

Question 1 - 50 • Explain the difference between Cytokinesis in Plant and Animal Cells

Answer 1 – 50 • In Plant Cells a Cell Plate must form to separate the two cells.

Question 2 - 10 • What is the name for the loose combination of DNA and Histone proteins in which the genetic material exists throughout most of the cell’s life?

Answer 2 – 10 • Chromatin

Question 2 - 20 • What is the name of the repeating nucleotides found on the ends of DNA molecules that prevents the ends of the chromosomes from accidentally attaching to each other?

Answer 2 – 20 • Telomere

Question 2 - 30 • What is the name of the region of condensed chromosomes that looks pinched and holds chromatids together?

Answer 2 – 30 • Centromere

Question 2 - 40 • What stage of Mitosis takes the longest?

Answer 2 – 40 • Prophase

Question 2 - 50 • What is happening to the chromosomes in the following 2 stages of Mitosis: • Metaphase? • Anaphase?

Answer 2 – 50 • Metaphase: The chromosomes are lining up down the middle of the cell • Anaphase: The chromosomes are being pulled apart and toward opposite poles of the cell

Question 3 - 10 • ____________ is programmed cell death.

Answer 3 – 10 • Apoptosis

Question 3 - 20 • What name is assigned to the broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division?

Answer 3 – 20 • Growth Factors

Question 3 - 30 • What is the difference between a benign and malignant tumor?

Answer 3 – 30 • A malignant tumor can metastasize, or in other words cancer cells can break away and spread to the rest of the body

Question 3 - 40 • Substances known to produce or promote the development of cancer are called __________

Answer 3 – 40 • Carcinogens

Question 3 - 50 • One internal factor that regulates the cell cycle is a group of proteins called __________. They require Cyclin to control them.

Answer 3 – 50 • Kinases

Question 4 - 10 • The asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism by division into two roughly equal parts is called _______________

Answer 4 – 10 • Binary Fission

Question 4 - 20 • _____________ is the creation of offspring from a single parent and does not involve the joining of gametes.

Answer 4 – 20 • Asexual reproduction

Question 4 - 30 • In the process of _____________ a small projection grows on the surface of a parent organism and eventually forms a separate new individual

Answer 4 – 30 • Budding

Question 4 - 40 • In general, ______________ reproduction involves the modification of a stem or underground root structures of the parent organism.

Answer 4 – 40 • Vegetative

Question 4 - 50 • Explain how Mitosis and Cytokinesis differ from Binary Fission

Answer 4 – 50 • In Mitosis there are chromosomes and a nucleus that divide. It is only cell division, not reproduction. • In Binary fission a new organism is produced

Question 5 - 10 • Put these words in order from smallest to largest: • Cell • Organ • Organism • System • Tissue

Answer 5 – 10 • Cell • Tissue • Organ • System • Organism

Question 5 - 20 • _______________ is the process by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature forms and functions.

Answer 5 – 20 • Differentiation

Question 5 - 30 • Put the following terms in order of their ability to specialize into the MOST different types of cells: • Multipotent • Pluripotent • Totipotent

Answer 5 – 30 • Totipotent • Pluripotent • Multipotent

Question 5 - 40 • The use of what type of stem cells is highly debated for ethical reasons?

Answer 5 – 40 • Embryonic

Cell Growth and Division