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Libya: A Free State

Libya: A Free State. John Carlson Period 2 Libya. Location. Libya is located in northern Africa, below the Mediterranean Sea Its major neighbors are Egypt, Algeria, and Tunisia Its capital is Tripoli, on the north west coast. Pro-Gaddafi Leaders.

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Libya: A Free State

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  1. Libya: A Free State John Carlson Period 2 Libya

  2. Location • Libya is located in northern Africa, below the Mediterranean Sea • Its major neighbors are Egypt, Algeria, and Tunisia • Its capital is Tripoli, on the north west coast

  3. Pro-Gaddafi Leaders • Muammar Gaddafi was the leader of Libya since he overthrew King Idris I in 1969, also abolished Libyan Constitution and held power until 2 0 11 • Officially stepped down from power in 1977, but still held power through manipulated governments. • Some of government officials were Massoud Abdelhaffid (Secret Police), Baghdadi Mahmudi (Prime Minister), and his 5 sons.

  4. Revolutionary Leaders • Mustafa Abdul Jalil is the Chairman of the NTC (National Transitional Council), which will hold power until Libya can have a democratic election. • The interim Prime Minister is Mahmoud Jibril • Many foreign United Nations officials were part of the military operations, like the Operational Commander, Charles Bouchard

  5. Demographics • The revolutionaries are primarily civilians, but there was a small contingent of soldiers who defected to the revolutionary side. • The Libyan Islamic Fighting Group is also part of the revolution • Women were also involved in the revolution, through gaining popular support for revolution from foreign countries through the use of social networks and youtube • Some alliances based on old tribal alliances, the Warfalla, Tuareg, and Magarha tribes allied themselves with rebels.

  6. Timeline • February 1 5 , 20 11- Peaceful protests began, protests soon escalated to fighting in next months • March 19, 20 11- United Nations troops give first support to Libyan rebels • October 20 , 20 11- Gaddafi captured and killed while trying to escape Sirte • October 2 3 , 20 11- The National Transitional Council declared the official end of the war and the liberation of Libya

  7. Similar To American Revolution • Popular support for revolution from most of commoners (middle and lower class) • Revolutions started out peacefully, rebels in both revolutions didn’t think it would go as far as it did • Still small loyalties to ruler • Rebels gained support from third party countries, Americans with France, Libyans with UN nations • Rebels poorly equipped/supplied, but had more to fight for • Naval aid of foreign nations key to victory of revolutionaries

  8. Different From American Revolution • Support in Libyan revolution based on geographic region (which tribe you belong to), in American Revolution support for both sides in all regions • Libyan revolutionaries fought to take territory from Gaddafi, American fought to defend own land • Americans had a strong single leader, Libyans had several leaders • Civilians harmed in Libyan revolution, in American revolution neutrals mostly left alone

  9. Problems in Future • One of Libya’s greatest challenges will be with replacing the government. Have no modern law code written since early 19 5 0 s. • It will also be hard for them to hold a fair, and successful democratic election • Country damaged by civil war, many dead, still deep social divisions and anger • Vvery large unemployment rate

  10. Positives of Future • Libya has a huge source of oil, which can be used to help stimulate the economy, and lower unemployment • Will receive aid from some UN countries to get it back on its feet • People are motivated by first free Libya • Overall, its success in the future will come down to if it can hold fair democratic elections, and if it can improve the economy and unemployment

  11. References • Tony Karon. “Perils of the End Game.” globalspin/blogs.time. August 15, 2011. October 27, 2011. http://globalspin.blogs.time.com/2011/08/15/libya-perils-of-the-end-game/ • “Libyan Fighters Overren Sirte.” libyafeb17.com. October 20, 2011. October 27, 2011. http://www.libyafeb17.com/ • “Libyan Revolution Filters Slowly Through Desert Towns.” foxnews.com. September 18, 2011. October 27, 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/09/18/libya-revolution-filters-slowly-to-desert-towns/ • “Libyans Hope Revolutin Leads To Better Quality of Life.” foxnews.com. September 22, 2011. October 27, 2011. http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/09/22/libyans-hope-revolution-leads-to-improved-quality-life/ • “Some Fear Post revolution Libya may look like Iraq.” articles.latimes.com. August 27, 2011. October 27, 2011. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/aug/27/world/la-fg-libya-unexpected-victory-20110827 • “Summary of the American and International Press on the Libyan Revolution.” tripolipost.com. October 27, 2011. October 27, 2011. http://tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=7186

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