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OVERALL: Great Job on Video Exam

OVERALL: Great Job on Video Exam. Median: 74% ( half of the class scored 71% or higher) Mean: 74% (class average) 72% of class scored 70% or higher 31% of class scored 80% or higher 50% of class improved over October Mid-Term grade

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OVERALL: Great Job on Video Exam

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  1. OVERALL: Great Job on Video Exam • Median: 74% (half of the class scored 71% or higher) • Mean: 74% (class average) • 72% of class scored 70% or higher • 31% of class scored 80% or higher • 50% of class improved over October Mid-Term grade Those that did not do as well as expectedlet’s get together to see what happenedand move onward & upward

  2. Upper Extremities Parts • Shoulder Girdle • Shoulder Joint • Elbow Joint • Radioulnar Joint • Wrist Joint

  3. Types of Synovial Joints from “Basic Biomechanics” by Susan Hall page 121

  4. Muscle Contribution to Joint • Stronger Muscles = More Joint Stability • Angles of Pull influence Joint Stability • Stabilizing Angles = < 90 angle of pull • Dislocating Angles = > 90 angle of pull

  5. Shoulder Girdle • Involved in Reaching/Grasping Motions • Designed for Mobility • Unstable joint • Strength of Muscles VERY important

  6. Shoulder Joint • Involved in a wide variety of motions • Designed for Mobility, Unstable joint • Rotator Cuff & Deltoids = small angle pull • Wheel-Axle Mechanism

  7. Overarm Throw Pattern • “cocking action” = extreme lateral rotation • rapid medial rotation and protraction • Strengthen Medial Rotators BOTH Concentrically and Eccentrically

  8. Elbow Joint • Only Flexion and Extension • Stable joint due to bony structure • Muscle arrangement = stabilizing effect

  9. How to Strengthen Elbow Extensors • Elbow Extensions with shoulder flexed figure 2.5e on page 61 • Shoulder Hyperextensions with elbow extended figure 2.5d on page 61

  10. 3 Ways to Strengthen Elbow Flexors • Elbow flexion from anatomical position • Elbow flexion with shoulder Hyperextended • shoulder flexion figure 2.5j on pg 62 

  11. Radioulnar Joint • Unstable due to weak bony arrangement • Pronate = turn inward [medial] away from anatomical position • Supinate = turn outward [lateral] back toward anatomical position figure 5.12 left side of picture pronatedpage 185 right side of picture supinated

  12. Wrist Joint • MSDs - musculoskeletal disorders 1. angle of the work surface 2. position requirements of the work 3. magnitude & direction of applied forces 4. Degree of repetition • CTS - Carpal Tunnel Syndrome • see Force guidelines per task on page 189

  13. Hip Joint • Medial rotation involved in kick, throw & strike • Wheel-Axle - figure 6.5 and 6.6 [page 197] A: medial B: lateral hip rotation

  14. Hip Joint • Bending/Stooping = increase FA resistive • to achieve equilibrium, hip extensors must provide high Tension/Force [hams, back] FIG 9-30 “Basic Biomechanics”3rd Edition by Susan J. Hall

  15. Knee Joint • Biarticulate Muscles - work knee and hip • Muscular Imbalances: 1. Hams - lateral vs. medial lateralis 2. Quads - vastus lateralis and medialis • Positions for potential injury 1. Foot fixed while hip/trunk rotates 2. Squats [FIG 6.11 pg 204] 3. Whip kick in Breaststroke [FIG 6.12 pg 205]

  16. Knee Joint: Potential Injury Positions page 205

  17. Knee Joint: Potential Injury Positions turning the bodywhile foot is fixed FIG 6.8 page 200

  18. Knee Joint: Potential Injury Positions Deep Squatchanging axis of rotationfrom knee jointtocalf/thigh area FIG 6.11 page 204

  19. Knee Joint: Potential Injury Positionsrehabilitation of knee injuries page 260: studies on ACL stress, shear forces, petellofemoral contact

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