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Spatial Analysis of Domestic Violence

Spatial Analysis of Domestic Violence. Presented at the University of California, Irvine By Michelle Plyer May 14 th , 2005. Acknowledgements. Mentor: Professor Jim Meeker Advisor: Professor Valerie Jenness Graduate Student: Phil Goodman

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Spatial Analysis of Domestic Violence

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  1. Spatial Analysis of Domestic Violence Presented at the University of California, Irvine By Michelle Plyer May 14th, 2005

  2. Acknowledgements • Mentor: Professor Jim Meeker • Advisor: Professor Valerie Jenness • Graduate Student: Phil Goodman • Funding: Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program • Santa Ana Police • Legal Aid of Orange County

  3. Domestic Violence As A Social Problem • Nearly one-third of American women report being physically or sexually abused by an intimate partner at some point in their life. • Intimate partner violence is primarily a crime against women. (85% of victims). • 3 women are killed a day by an intimate partner

  4. Institutional Responses • Police Policies • Sentencing Policies • Resources for Victims

  5. Objective • To locate areas in Santa Ana with high rates of domestic violence in order to assist Legal Aid with their outreach. • And to identify possible variables related to occurrences of domestic violence.

  6. Previous Domestic Violence Research • As Diversity increases there are less shared values, and domestic violence increases. (Buzawa, 2003) • As Poverty increases, domestic violence increases. (Benson, 2004, Lyon, 1997) • As Affluence increases, domestic violence decreases. • As Population Density increases, domestic violence increases. (Buvnic, 2000, Carson, 1998)

  7. Hypothesis • The rate of domestic violence calls for service in Santa Ana is related to certain demographic variables such as poverty/affluence, diversity, foreign born status, and population density.

  8. Data Sources • Police Calls For Service • Legal Aid Cases • U.S. Census Bureau

  9. Methods Statistical Analysis of Data • Bi-Variant Correlations •Multi-Variant Correlations •Multiple Regressions

  10. Independent Variables

  11. Police Calls Legal Aid Cases Diversity Foreign Born Population Density Affluence Police Calls 1 .101 .004 -.042 -.102 -.200* Legal Aid Cases .101 1 .193* .086 .017 -.045 Diversity .004 .193* 1 .558** .158* -.019 Foreign Born -.042 .086 .558** 1 .627** -.320** Population Density -.102 .017 .158* .627** 1 -.448** Affluence -.200* -.045 -.019 -.320** -.448** 1 Correlations of Dependent & Independent Variables *p<.05 **p<.001

  12. Linear Regression for Police Calls for Service b(SE) Beta Diversity 2.908 0.045 (6.106) Affluence -1.576*** -0.310 (0.432) Population Density -0.785* -0.236 (0.352) Percent Foreign Born -0.622 -0.018 (4.097) R= .295 R2= .087 AdjR2= .064 F 4,164 =3.819** *p<.05 **p<.01 ***p<.001

  13. Linear Regression for Legal Aid Cases b(SE) Beta Diversity 1.043* .221 (.465) Affluence -.024 -.063 (.033) Population Density -.004 -.017 (.027) Percent Foreign Born -.118 -.047 (.312) R= .203 R2= .041 AdjR2= .017 F4,164= 1.716 *p<.05

  14. Methods (Cont.) GIS (Geographical Information Systems)

  15. Affluence Based on Standard Deviations From the Mean Affluence

  16. Affluence & Police Calls Police Calls Affluence

  17. Affluence & Legal Aid Cases Police Calls Affluence

  18. Affluence & Police Calls for Service Hotspots Police Hotspots Affluence

  19. Population Density (population per square mile) Population Density 0-6000 6000-12000 12000-18000 18000-24000 24000-30000 30000 & greater

  20. Population Density & Police Calls Police Calls Population Density

  21. Population Density & Legal Aid Cases Legal Aid Case Population Density

  22. Population Density & Police Calls for Service Hotspots Police Hotspot Population Density

  23. Percent Diversity Percent Diversity

  24. Percent Diversity & Police Calls Police Calls Percent Diversity

  25. Percent Diversity & Legal Aid Cases Legal Aid Case Percent Diversity

  26. Percent Diversity & Police Calls for Service Hotspot Police Hotspots Percent Diversity

  27. Police Hotspot & Legal Aid Cases Santa Ana Boundary Legal Aid Cases Police Hotspots

  28. Summary • Affluence is negatively correlated with Police Calls for Service for domestic violence. • Population Density is negatively correlated with Police Calls for Service for domestic violence. • Diversity is positively correlated with Legal Aid cases for domestic violence.

  29. Discussion • This research confirms what prior research has found, that affluence is negatively correlated with domestic violence rates. • This research did not show a positive correlation between population density and domestic violence rates. • The research also showed a positive correlation between diversity and Legal Aid cases, however the linear regression equation was not significant.

  30. Further Research Additional Data • Additional Years for Police Calls for Service for domestic violence and Legal Aid Cases. • Hotline Calls for Legal Aid Additional Cities • Long Beach & Anaheim

  31. For Further Inquiries Feel Free to Contact: Michelle Plyer Department of Criminology, Law & Society University Of California, Irvine mplyer@uci.edu

  32. Percent Foreign Born Percent Foreign Born

  33. Percent Foreign Born & Legal Aid Cases Legal Aid Case Percent Foreign Born

  34. Percent Foreign Born & Police Calls Police Calls Percent Foreign Born

  35. Percent Foreign Born & Police Calls for Service Hotspots Police Hotspots Percent Foreign Born

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