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Kees van der Meer Laura L. Ignacio Presentation for the SPS/STDF/OECD Workshop

Good Practice in SPS-related Technical Cooperation Greater Mekong Sub-region: Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam. Kees van der Meer Laura L. Ignacio Presentation for the SPS/STDF/OECD Workshop WTO, Geneva October 6, 2008. Objective and methodology.

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Kees van der Meer Laura L. Ignacio Presentation for the SPS/STDF/OECD Workshop

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  1. Good Practice in SPS-related Technical CooperationGreater Mekong Sub-region:Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam Kees van der Meer Laura L. Ignacio Presentation for the SPS/STDF/OECD Workshop WTO, Geneva October 6, 2008

  2. Objective and methodology • To identify good practice in delivery and receipt of SPS-related technical cooperation in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam • Ten projects were nominated • Analysis of questionnaires, documents, etc • Interviews with stakeholders, specialists, donors • Limitations: time and information available, limited SPS coverage in some projects, resource persons not available

  3. Projects nominated (1)

  4. Projects nominated (2)

  5. SPS-related TA • New area of support • Builds in part on TA for food safety, plant and animal health • But SPS agreement adds special dimensions • Little accumulated experience • Need to exchange experience and build robust body of good practice • Mainstream it in development cooperation

  6. SPS and Development Cooperation Quality and relevance could gain from better use of general frameworks on goals and effectiveness • UN Millennium Declaration and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (2000) • Contribution to MDGs • Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005) • Principles of effectiveness • OECD analysis of trade related assistance (2007) • General findings apply to SPS

  7. Absorptive capacity is main factor in explaining different outcomes • What works well in one country may not do well in another with less absorptive capacity • Example: regional projects did better in Vietnam than in Cambodia and Lao PDR • Factors: Size of country, human and financial resources, governance, level of economic development, etc. • One size does not fit all • Good practice should be understood in context of absorptive capacities • Design and implementation should interactively consider absorptive capacities

  8. Good practice in project design (1) Most important for cost-effective and timely implementation • Thorough preparation with counterparts and beneficiaries • Needs assessment beyond narrow interest of receiving agencies • Relevance and need of ultimate beneficiaries to be included • Ensure transparency in project preparation

  9. Good practice in project design (2) • Incorporate log frame – enhances result-based management and supports M&E • Design team should include expertise in development assistance, project management and SPS • Size, scope and duration tailored to complexity of problem • Ensure donor coordination • Project to be implemented by country

  10. Good practice in implementation • Allow for flexibility • Promote transparency and communication with stakeholders • Active involvement of stakeholders, especially private sector • Combine support for training, institution building and equipment • Incorporate and implement M&E, based on good framework • Integrate management training into projects • Separate regulatory powers and service provision

  11. Outcome and sustainability • All nominated projects appeared to contribute to desirable higher level objectives, but impact is mixed • Problems of sustainability related to weaknesses in design, for example • Created skills that cannot be applied • Service delivery capacity for which there is no market demand and no public funding • Piecemeal support without follow-up • There is much scope for increased efficiency and impact in SPS capacity building

  12. Good practice at regional level • Conduct capacity building as much as possible at national level and focus regional approaches on interaction and interdependency of countries • More advanced countries support less developed countries

  13. Conclusions • Replicable good practices are especially variables related to design and implementation • Need for SPS capacity differ much between countries • Projects in Vietnam better tailored to needs and absorptive capacities than in Cambodia and Lao PDR (fewer problems of sustainability) • Cross-cutting activities can have value added • Level of commitment contributes to success • Great need of good quality, well-targeted TA

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