Presentation Transcript

1. Katie Rocca Cooper Irons Nikki Hardwick Erin Perelstine John Duffy Mike Ambrose
2. Let’s Travel Back In Time
3. 1950
4. Communism- Identify and explain the actions taken by the U.S. government to limit communisim at home President Truman set up a special office to investigate federal employees because people accused him of allowing communists in the U.S. Congress passed the House Un-American Activities Committee to fight domestic Communism. Questioned the ties of people who belonged to labor unions and liberal political groups. Congress also tried to fight communism at home by passing the Internal Security Act in 1950. Required Communist Party members to register with the federal government.
5. Response to Communism- Explain how the Americans responded to real and perceived threats of domestic communism in the 1950s Paranoia Avoided political activities Kept opinions to self Film would not feature social or political issues FBI & CIA opened private mail Rock N’ Roll -> communist music Girl Scouts -> communist front Definite end – 1990s
6. McCarthyism- Explain how the Americans responded to real and perceived threats of domestic communism in the 1950s (DEF) – The practice of making accusations of disloyalty, especially of pro-communist activity, in many instances unsupported by proof or based on slight, doubtful, or irrelevant evidence Blacklists Could loose job, life, and reputation Charged people that weren’t liked Charged people in order not to be charged
7. - Truman-Describe the major goals of President Truman’s Fair Deal and relate whether they were accomplished. His Fair Deals were a series of reforms that he proposed to congress. The Fair Deals promised: Full employment A higher minimum wage A national health insurance program Construction of affordable housing Increased aid to farmers The expansion of welfare benefits to more people Truman managed to push through some of his reforms. Fair Deals had limited success in an increasingly conservative post war political climate. He was able to push through: Increase minimum wage Equal employment rights for all Americans Construction of affordable housing Expansion of welfare benefits He was unable to push through: All Americans having health insurance
8. Eisenhower- Explain how President Eisenhower tried to manage the nation’s problems Pledged to balance federal budget, reduce government regulation of the economy Eliminated thousands of government jobs Cut billions from federal budget Cut farm subsides Social Programs Expanded social society and unemployment benefits Increased minimum wage Increased educational spending Federal debt grew by 9% International Affairs & Actions Vietnam Latin America Middle East
9. Suburbs- Describe Suburban life during the 1950s (def). Residential communities on the outskirts of cities Cities = “crowed, dirty, dangerous” Suburbs = “calm and quiet” One of the most dominant features of the 20th century
10. Working People in the Suburbs- Describe Suburban life during the 1950s Still worked in cities Commuted to work Creation of Railroads & The Highway Act made traveling to cities easy because they connected cities to suburbs
11. Housing- Describe Suburban life during the 1950s Suburbs growing rapidly in 1950’s Women’s fertility rate soared 50% between 1940 and 1957 Nearly half of all American women had their first child before they turned 20 More families = demand for houses Houses in suburbs were very desirable “Ideal American Family” Affordable Close to shopping malls, resturants, grocery stores, etc.
12. Railroads & Highways- Describe Suburban life during the 1950s Forever changed America Transportation became easy Tourism grew Changed social aspect of life: distance was no longer an issue Bus business declined since there was no longer a need for inner-city travel Highways promoted mass transportation (moving products through different cities)
13. Fashion Women’s Men’s Clean, cut, and conservative Charcoal suit with penny loafers was extremely popular known as the “American suit” Post WWII there was a huge push to get women back into the home and kitchen soft shoulders, stiletto heels, full skirts, and slim waists “hourglass” figure was accepted Corsets became popular again, to slim the waist even further
14. Fashion Teenage Hairstyles Men had short clean hair, or combed back Men’s hair didn’t touch their ears. This was illegal in certain states Women had high maintenance, curly hair. The invention of hair dryers and curlers helped women keep the curls First generation of teenagers to “rebel against elders” Rock n’ Roll becomes popular “Greaser” look of jeans, white t shirt, and leather jacket Neat pleated skirts, scoop neck blouses, and ¾ sleeve fitted shirts
15. Sports Golf Televised well, it was slow and easy to follow Could be attempted by anyone, it was everywhere Became widely assumed that a person could not succeed in business without knowing how to play golf Most courses excluded blacks and confined women to playing once a week on Ladies’ Day Basketball NBA became integrated in 1950 by Sweetwater Clifton, Chuck Cooper, and Earl Lloyd Game’s first black superstar was Elgin Baylor who played for the Los Angeles Lakers Other early stars included Wilt Chamberlin, Bob Cousy, George Mikan, Oscar Robinson, and Dolph Schayes Played in virtually every high school and college nation wide
16. Sports Baseball Huge part of American life Players weren’t well paid so fans could relate to them which increased popularity Every team had network of radio stations that broadcast games over wide area Wasn’t a big deal in high schools Football Popular in high schools all over the country College football became more popular as television during the time period progressed Star football players of the time period included Jim Brown, Frank Gifford, and Sammy Baugh Others Boxing, horseracing, and tennis were also widely followed Hockey didn’t follow well in the U.S. The Olympics had a huge following during the time period as well
17. Popular People in Sports
18. Historic Events The Korean Conflict Began on June 25, 1950 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel The invasion was the first military action of the Cold War July, American troops had entered the war on South Korea’s behalf Brown v. Board of Education It was a case decided in 1954 in which the Supreme Court of the United States declared racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional.
19. Historic Events Immigration and Nationality Act Created in 1952 Also known as the McCarran-Walter Act Meant to exclude certain immigrants from immigrating to America, post World War II and in the early Cold War The main objective of this was to block any spread of communism from outside post WWII countries as well as deny any enemy of the US during WWII such as Japan and favor “good Asian” countries such as China. The Highway System On June 29, 1956 President Dwight Eisenhower signed the Federal-aid Highway Act of 1956. Eisenhower was determined to build the highways The bill created 41,000-mile “National System of interstate and Defense Highways.” Passed in June 1956 They were intended to have several purposes: eliminate traffic congestion make coast-to-coast transportation efficient make it easy to get out of big cities in case of an atomic attack More than 46,000 miles long.
20. Historic Events Explorer 1 Spacecraft America’s first satellite on January 31, 1958 Launched after the Soviet Union’s success with Sputnik Carried an instrument package Package provided evidence that the earth is surrounded by intense bands of radiation, now called the Van Allen radiation belt. First major scientific discovery of the space age.
21. Historic People Rosa Parks On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus for a white passenger Arrested for not giving up seat 50,000 African Americans from Montgomery in protest organized a boycott against the bus system total of 381 days Involved in the civil rights movement Held office in the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP Worked for Representative John Conyers in 1967 Won numerous awards including the Congressional Gold Medal of Honor In November of 1956, the Supreme Court’s ruling that segregation on transportation is unconstitutional
22. Music Popular Types: Boogie-Woogie Doo Wop R&B Rock n’ Roll Famous Names: Elvis Little Richard Frank Sinatra Buddy Holly Johnny Cash Top Songs: Rock Around the Clock – Bill Haley & the Comets Great Balls of Fire – Jerry Lee Lewis Hound Dog – Elvis Whole Lot of Shakin’ Going On – Jerry Lee Lewis
23. Rock n’ Roll “White boys singing black boys’ music” Had to be played on the television, not allowed on radio 1st rock concert – Cleveland 1952 Parents disapproved: - lyrics suggestive - caused Caucasians and African Americans to mix Law makers tried to stop the fast spread of Rock n’ Roll Elvis was always shown from the guitar up when he was on television
24. 1950’s Music
25. Popular Movies of the 1950’s Singin’ in the Rain – 1952 Rear Window – 1954 Ben – Hur – 1959 Peter Pan – 1953 Vertigo – 1958 Some Like it Hot – 1959 Alice in Wonderland – 1951 Sleeping Beauty – 1959
26. Popular Movie Stars of the 1950’s Marlon Brando James Dean James Stewart Doris Day Marilyn Monroe John Wayne Katherine Hepburn Elvis Presley Annette Funicello
27. Popular TV Shows of the 1950’s Leave it to Beaver I Love Lucy American Bandstand The Twilight Zone Superman Lassie The Mickey Mouse Club
28. 1950’s Popular Theatre Popular Radio Programs Dragnet Minus One Tales of the Texas Ranger Death of a Salesman The Sleeping Prince The Seven Year Itch Cat on a Hot Tin Roof The Diary of Anne Frank
29. Artistic Outlets of the 1950s Pop Art – Iconography of TV, photography, comic, cinema, and advertising Film Formats – Cinemascope, VistaVision, Cinerama, and 3D Film methods
30. Inventions & Discoveries: Polio Vaccine First McDonalds Car Seat-belts Color Television Phone Answering Machines Credit Card Video Tape/VCR

31. End