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中国学习者英语口语中 话语标记的使用情况

中国学习者英语口语中 话语标记的使用情况. 许家金 中国外语教育研究中心 北京外国语大学. The Use of Discourse Markers in Chinese EFL Learners ’ Speech. Xu Jiajin Beijing Foreign Studies University. Why DMs?. DM use in NS ’ English speech. Contents. DM use in CHN learner ’ s speech. DM extraction. Comparison of DM use.

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中国学习者英语口语中 话语标记的使用情况

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  1. 中国学习者英语口语中话语标记的使用情况 许家金 中国外语教育研究中心 北京外国语大学

  2. The Use of Discourse Markers in Chinese EFL Learners’ Speech Xu Jiajin Beijing Foreign Studies University

  3. Why DMs? DM use in NS’ English speech Contents DM use in CHN learner’s speech DM extraction Comparison of DM use

  4. A bibliography of DM research • Other aspects of corpus-based or –informed discourse-pragmatic research • Discourse markers are as important by any other name.

  5. Lexical orality in NS’ English speech 英语口语的词汇特征 • Step 01 • Wordlist and keyword list generation • ICE-GB-Spoken 600,000 words • The entire BNC World 100 m words • icespvsbnc.kws

  6. Lexical orality in NS English speech 英语口语的词汇特征 • Step 01 ICE-GB-Spoken keyword list icespvsbnc.kws • UH, UHM, I, YOU, IT, YES, YEAH, THAT, THINK, MEAN, WELL, OK, KNOW, SORT, SO, OH, REALLY, RIGHT, ACTUALLY etc

  7. Lexical orality in NS English speech 英语口语的词汇特征 • Step 02 Collocational behavior of the key keywords in ICE-GB-Spoken • [Concord]-[file-based search]-[Compute-Cluster] • 1-3 word clusters • DM search word (SW) list

  8. Taxonomy of DMs • Filled pause: Hesitation markers • --cognitive constraints • Attracting attention or starting a new topic • Ending conversation • 中国学生很不善于开启、延续话题方便的discourse技巧 • 老师教了I’ve got to go now.

  9. 类似研究 • 何安平、徐曼菲，2003，中国大学生英语口语Small Words 的研究，《外语教学与研究》第6期。

  10. 自然话语过程示意图 主体间 空间 认知空间 话语 空间 认知空间 话语使用者2 话语使用者1

  11. 认知空间1 well oh OK Y’know uh You mean um You see yeah 认知空间2 ◇ △ ☆ 话语空间 ◆ ▲ ★ 主体间空间 话语空间 ■ ■ ▲ ◆ △ □ □ ◇ 图1 话语标记在自然话语时间轴上的分布(▲★◆■ )分别代表不同的话语标记

  12. 表1话语标记的操作性定义

  13. My version of DMs • Continuum perspective • Cognitive constraints uh, um etc • Interpersonal ties well, you see • Textual hinges or joints connectives

  14. My version of DMs • Continuum perspective uh well/you see/I mean  and/so/but

  15. 有些话语标记看来是冗余信息 • 冗余信息的存在是自然语言的特征 • 客观上它们既帮助理解又割断理解 • 话语标记也可分为人内和人外两大类

  16. Discourse marker Search Words • Step 03 • Plain text file of discourse markers • Step 04 • File-based search with discmark.txt in SECCL • File-based search with discmark.txt in ICE-GB-Spoken

  17. Contrastive study of DMs between SECCL and ICE-GB-SP • Step 05 • Chi-square test in SPSS • Step 06 • Interpretation and analysis • Implications for pedagogy • Touchstone I mean etc

  18. A quick summary • Introducing DMs • How DMs stand out of English speech

  19. Other aspects of corpus-based discourse-pragmatic research • Expressions of gratitude • Speech act • Genre analysis • Code-switching • Repair • Kennedy Page 176ff • Discourse items

  20. Thank you!

  21. Discouse_NN1 marker_NN1 use_NN1 in_II Chinese_JJ learners’_NN2 speech_NN1 Xu Jiajin ustcxujj@sina.com

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