Three Main Areas of a House

1. Three Main Areas of a House Interior Planning

2. Objectives • Differentiate between the three main areas of a house • Connect prior use of tools to tool use in architectural drawing • Design 3 main areas of a house • Analyze various kitchen types • Critique basic floor plans • Apply concepts of scale to everyday life • Create part of a floor plan using architectural tools

3. Floor Plans • It’s a scaled drawing of a horizontal section through a building at a given level (usually 5’-0”) • a diagram of the relationships between rooms, spaces and other physical features at one level of a structure • Shows: location and dimensions of exterior and interior walls, windows, doors, major appliances, cabinets, fireplaces

4. Floor Plans Information in a floor plan includes: • Exterior and interior walls • Size and location of windows and doors • Built in cabinets and appliances • Permanent fixtures • Stairs and fireplaces – direction, number of risers and width of stairs • Patios and decks • Room names • Material symbols • Scale, usually drawn ¼” = 1’

5. Floor Plans Open vs. Closed Plans: • Open Concept • Rooms on the main level are not divided by walls. The line of sight leads from the front to the back of the house • Good for families with kids, who want to see them at all times, when cooking, etc. • This is currently a popular method of building • Especially popular for smaller spaces

6. Floor Plans Open vs. Closed Plans: • Closed Concept • Rooms on the main level are mostly divided by walls into separate spaces. • This is a more traditional method of building • It allows for more privacy • Better layout for larger homes than smaller homes

7. Traffic Circulation • It’s the movement of people from one area or room to another • You should plan for maximum efficiency of movement • Pathways should be short and not pass through other rooms too much

8. Famous TV Show Floor Plans • http://hiconsumption.com/2013/03/famous-television-show-home-floor-plans/

9. Areas of a Residential Home • Sleeping Area • Living Area • Service Area

10. Sleeping Area • Where people go for privacy, to rest, go to the bathroom, etc. • Located away from the busy areas (entrance, kitchen, family room, garage) • Rooms Include: • Bedroom • Master Bedroom • Bathrooms • Dressing rooms • Nurseries

11. Sleeping Area Bedrooms: • Should each have hallway access and a closet! • FHA (Federal Housing Administration) Recommended Sizes: • Minimum= 100 sq. feet (10’X10’) • Average= 125-175 sq. ft. • Large= over 175 sq. ft. • More bedrooms in a home = more sale potential

12. Sleeping Area Bedrooms:

13. Sleeping Area Bedroom planning considerations: • How many people are sleeping in the room? • What type of room is it? (a Master Suite should also have a bathroom and large closet) • Leave at least 2’-0” on either side of a bed larger than a double size • Provide end table(s) for the bed • Did you include a generously-sized closet? • What other storage could be provided?

14. Sleeping Area Bathrooms: • Located near sleeping and living areas • An average residential house will have at least1-1/2 baths • Door should swing to avoid direct view of the toilet • Placed near or above each other or kitchen • Save money to run more plumbing pipes • Avoid placing toilets under windows and having doors open directly to them • Include an exhaust fan and GFCI outlets (ground fault circuit interrupter)

15. Sleeping Area Bathrooms: 3 types • ½ Bath contains toilet and lavatory (sink)

16. Sleeping Area Bathrooms: 3 types • ¾ Bath contains toilet / lav / shower or tub

17. Sleeping Area Bathrooms: 3 types • Full (master) Bath contains toilet / lav / shower / tub • Minimum full size- 5’X8’ • Large full sizes- 10’X10’, 10’X12’

18. Sleeping Area Bathroom planning considerations: • Leave15” on either side of the toilet • Leave 24” in front of the toilet • There should be a mirror over the sink! • Is there enough light in the mirror area? • The fixtures should follow common dimensions: • Common tub size 30”x 60” • Shower size 30” x 30” to 36” x 48”

19. Sleeping Area Closets: • Minimum Depth- 2’-0” (Recommended- 30”) • Location • near an entranceway • on interior walls (noise insulation/does not reduce exterior wall space for windows) • Access door types • Bi-fold • sliding • Hinged

20. Sleeping Area Interior Doors: • Minimum bedroom door size = 2’6” W x 6’-8” H • Other interior door sizes- 2’-3’or wider in 2” increments • Door should be near a corner (6” from the wall) • They should swing into the room • They should not hit any bathroom fixtures • Do not block closets in the bedrooms • Do not allow for direct viewing of a toilet!

21. Sleeping Area General Rules to Consider for Sleeping Area: • Rooms should be grouped together whenever possible • Add switched lighting in every room (near entrance) • At least two windows are recommended when there are two exterior walls • Include plenty of furniture storage pieces (side tables, bureaus, etc.) • Consider a spot for a TV viewable from the bed • Each bedroom should have an accessible bathroom

22. Living Area • Where people relax, entertain guests, dine, read, watch the Phillies, play Rock Band… • Rooms include: • Formal Living Room • Family Room • Den or Study • Dining Room • Foyer • Patio, Deck, Porch, Terrace • Game Room

23. Living Area Formal Living Room: • Usually has a formal nature (reading, studying, relaxing, playing piano) • Room Sizes (FHA- Federal Housing Administration)-Minimum = 150 sq. feet-Average = 250 sq. feet-Large = around 400+ sq. ft.

24. Living Area Formal Living Room:

25. Living Area Family Room: • Less formal then the living room (TV-watching, playing video games) • Where the family spends most of its time together

26. Living Area Family Room:

27. Living Area Living Room & Family room planning considerations: • What is the space used for? • What is the focal point of the space? • How many people will it hold? • What kind of furniture will be needed? • Open plan or Closed plan? • What kind of activities will it be used for? • Special Lighting? • Placement of windows is important

28. Living Area Dining Room: • Location • Near Kitchen and Living Room • Room Size (FHA) • Minimum= 120 sq. feet • Average= 160 sq. feet • Large= around 200 or more sq. feet

29. Living Area Dining Room:

30. Living Area Dining Room planning considerations: • How many people will be dining? You’ll need to fit the correct-sized table. • Leave at least 2’-0” behind the back of a chair to the wall • Open or closed plan? What works best?

31. Living Area Foyer (Entrance Way): • Should not enter into a room, if possible • Extension of entry to protect house from weather • Minimum size- 6’ X 6’ • Average size- 8’ X 10’ • Should have a closet (min 2’ X 3’) • Door size should be at least 3’-0” x 6’-8”

32. Living Area Foyer (Entrance Way):

33. Living Area Other Entrance Ways: • Service Entrance • Entrance to mudroom or utility room • Near kitchen • Special Purpose • Provides access to patio or deck

34. Living Area • General Rules to Consider for Living Area: • Leave a minimum of 3’-0” between walls for circulation • TV should be a minimum of 6’-0” away from sofa, and centered in the seating area • Leave a space of 1’-6” between the sofa(s) and coffee table in the middle • Side tables can be placed right next to furniture with no extra space left over • Try not to create a traffic circulation route through the seating area. Rather, it’s better if you can walk around the seating area to get to the next room.

35. Service Area • Where people perform jobs such as cooking, laundry, working with tools, etc. • Rooms Include: • Kitchen • Clothes care center • Garage • Carport • Storage

36. Service Area Kitchen: • Food preparation • Can be extended for dining, storage, or laundry • Most expensive area of the house per square foot • Most active use of any room • Eat-in kitchen usually includes a small table (in addition to a separate dining room)

37. Service Area Kitchen: • Work Triangle • Consists of the distance between the refrigerator, sink, and range (stove) • Perimeter of triangle should be less than 22’-0”

38. Service Area Kitchen: 6 types • Straight-line Kitchen • For small cottages and apartments • Little cabinet space • Not very interesting • Not ideal for working triangle

39. Service Area Kitchen: 6 types • L-Shaped Kitchen • Located on 2 adjacent walls • Efficient and usually more attractive than a straight line • 2 work centers on one wall and the other on an adjacent wall • Not for large kitchens

40. Service Area Kitchen: 6 types • Corridor (Galley) Kitchen • Uses two opposite walls • Small to medium size (ideal for long narrow rooms) • Not ideal if there is too much traffic through kitchen • Leave at least 4’-0” of open space between cabinets

41. Service Area Kitchen: 6 types • U-Shaped Kitchen • Popular, highly effective and attractive • No traffic passes through the kitchen to other areas of house • Compact work triangle • Leave at least 5’-6” of space between both sides of the “U”

42. Service Area Kitchen: 6 types • Peninsula (G-Shape) Kitchen • Peninsula is a piece of cabinetry projecting into empty space that’s often used as cooking center, eating area, or food prep center • Plenty of work space • Traffic is reduced and work triangle is compact

43. Service Area Kitchen: 6 types • Island Kitchen • Modification of straight, L or U shaped design • Island is stand-alone cabinetry accessible from all sides that may house sink, cooking center, food prep area, or counter top/snack bar • 4’-0” of clearance for easy access

44. Service Area Kitchen planning considerations: • Should be located near a service entrance and provide easy access to trash containers • Usually next to the dining room • Cabinets/Appliances • Most 34 ½” high, 24” deep • Widths in 3 in increments (15”, 18”, 21”) • Wall cabinets • 12-13” deep • 12”-30” high (3” increments) • 12”-36” wide (3” increments)

45. Service Area Laundry Room: • Washing, drying, pressing, folding, storing and mending clothes • Floors = water resistant • Often located in the basement b/c of noise and lack of space. Many newer houses build laundry closets on the 2nd floor • Washer and Dryer • 29” wide • 26” deep • 43.5” high

46. Service Area Laundry Room:

47. Service Area Garage / Carport: • Provides shelter for automobiles • Plan with storage in mind, and a connection to the house • Attached (garage) or free standing (carport) • Sizes: • 1 car = 11’ x 19’ to 16’ x 25’ • 2 cars = 20’ x 20’ to 25’ x 25’

48. Service Area Garage / Carport: