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Understanding Ionic and Covalent Bonds with Lewis Dot Structures

Learn how to differentiate between ionic and covalent bonds using Lewis Dot structures. Discover how to draw ionic bonds, determine charges on ions, and examine examples of polyatomic ions like NH4F and hydroxide.

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Understanding Ionic and Covalent Bonds with Lewis Dot Structures

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  1. Ions with Lewis Dot structures

  2. First things first! • Determine whether the bond will be ionic or covalent! • A nonmetal and a metal is ionic if they are both nonmetals it is covalent, hydrogen is not a metal. • To draw an ionic bond remove the electron(s) from the cation and add them to the anion. Show the charges on each ion. .. .. - + Na. .Cl: Na :Cl: [ ] .. ..

  3. For Polyatomic Ions… • The polyatomic ion is a covalently bonded structure with an ionic bond to another substance. • NH4F H . F H-N-H . H That goes to Fluoride It has an extra electron

  4. For Polyatomic Ions… • The polyatomic ion is a covalently bonded structure with an ionic bond to another substance. • NH4F - + H F H-N-H H That goes to Fluoride It has an extra electron

  5. Polyatomic Ions we need to know

  6. Ammonium What happens What it looks like when done + [ ] H H H-N-H H-N-H . H H

  7. Hypochlorite What happens What it looks like when done . - - [ ] - - - - O-Cl - - O-Cl - - - -

  8. Hydroxide What happens What it looks like when done . [ ] - - - O-H - O-H - -

  9. Nitrite What happens What it looks like when done . - - - [ ] - - - - O-N=O - O-N=O - - - -

  10. Acetate What happens What it looks like when done - - - - O= - H O= . H [ ] - - - - O-C-C-H - - - O-C-C-H - - H H

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