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Introduction to Artificial Intelligence in Game Programming

ronny avatar
ronny
16 diapositives · 275 Views · Jul 15, 2014

Learn the fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence in game programming, including systems that think and act like humans, rational thinking, and AI algorithms for pathfinding and obstacle evasion.

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  1. 240-492Games Programming with Java Montri Karnjanadecha Andrew Davison 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  2. Chapter 2Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  3. Outline • Definition of Artificial Intelligence • Uninformed Search Methods • Informed Search Methods • Game AI 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  4. What is AI? • Systems that think like humans • “The exciting new effort to make computer think ….. machine with minds, in the full an literal sense” • “Activities that we associate with human thinking, activities such as decision-making, problem-solving, learning…” • Systems that think rationally • “The study of mental faculties through the use of computational models” • “The study of the computations that make it possible to perceive, reason, and act” 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  5. That is AI? (cont’d) • Systems that act like humans • “The art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people” • “The study of how to make computers do things at which, at the moment, people are better” • Systems that act rationally • “A field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behavior in terms of computational processes” • “The branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of intelligent behavior” 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  6. What is AI? (cont’d) To make the computer think 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  7. Simple AI Stuff A board with tokens 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  8. Closing the gap A board with tokens 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  9. Chase Algorithm if (lx!=dx) // check for non-matching x { if (lx>dx) { lx--; // higher x, so decrease it } else { lx++; // lower x, so increase it } } if (ly!=dy) // check for non-matching y { if (ly>dy) { ly--; // higher y, so decrease it } else { ly++; // lower y, so increase it } } 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  10. Evade Algorithm if (lx!=dx) // check for non-matching x { if (lx>dx) { lx++; // higher x, so increase it } else { lx--; // lower x, so decrease it } } if (ly!=dy) // check for non-matching y { if (ly>dy) { ly++; // higher y, so increase it } else { ly--; // lower y, so decrease it } } 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  11. Chasing Struck The simple chase algorithm fails when unmovable blocks are presented 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  12. Evading the Obstacle 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  13. More Advanced Pathfinding • A* pathfinding algorithm 1. Create a 2-D integer array as large as the map size 2. Fill all cells with -1 (-1 means not tested yet) 3. For any “blocked” cell, put a large number (e.g. 255) 4. Place a 0 in the target cell 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  14. A* pathfinding algorithm • Path finding 5. Start at the target cell (the known distance cell) 6. Determine valid adjacent cells 7. Give the adjacent cells a known distance value 8. Repeat step 5 Stop Citeria 1. No adjacent cells 2. The cell of origin gets filled in 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  15. When It’s All Done • Path finding 5. Start at the target cell (the known distance cell) 6. Determine valid adjacent cells 7. Give the adjacent cells a known distance value 8. Repeat step 5 Stop Criteria 1. No adjacent cells 2. The cell of origin gets filled in 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::

  16. Backtracking • In order for the red piece to capture the green piece, the red piece must move to lower-values cells-- from 7->6, 6-> 5, 5->4, 4->3, 3->2, 2->1 and 1->0 240-492 Games Programming with Java ::: AI :::