An Overview of ENG Programs at the NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

1. An Overview of ENG Programs at the NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Dr. Priscilla P. Nelson Director, Division of Civil and Mechanical Systems Directorate for Engineering pnelson@nsf.gov, 703-292-7018

2. Directorate forComputer andInformation Science and Engineering Directorate for Biological Sciences Directorate for Education and Human Resources Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate for Engineering Integrative Activities (MRE, STC) Polar and Antarctic Programs Directorate for Geosciences National Science Foundation - FY2000 Office of theInspector General National Science Board Director FY 2000 $3,897M total $2,958M R&RA Staff Offices $388M $414M $253M $724M $129M $146M $382M $488M $758M

3. NSF FY 2001 Requested Budget by Appropriation FY 2000 Plan FY 2001 Request % Change Research and Related Activities Education and Human Resources Major Research Equipment Salaries and Expenses Office of the Inspector General Total, NSF 19.7% 5.5% 48.2% 6.0% 15.2% 17.3% $2,958 691 94 149 5 $3,897 $3,541 729 139 158 6 $4,572 $ in Millions

4. Directorate forComputer andInformation Science and Engineering Directorate for Biological Sciences Directorate for Education and Human Resources Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate for Engineering Integrative Activities (MRE, STC) Polar and Antarctic Programs Directorate for Geosciences National Science Foundation FY2001 Request Office of theInspector General National Science Board Director FY 2001 $4,572M total $3,541M R&RA Staff Offices $529M $511M $285M $760M $119M $175M $457M $583M $881M

5. NSF Strategic Goals • Ideas - Discovery at and across the frontier of science and engineering, and connections to its use in the service of society. • People - A diverse, internationally competitive and globally-engaged workforce of scientists, engineers and well-prepared citizens. • Tools - Broadly accessible, state-of-the-art information bases and shared research and education tools.

6. NSF’s Priority Areas • Information Technology Research (ITR) • Nanoscale Science and Engineering • Biocomplexity and the Environment • 21st Century Workforce • FY02 - Mathematics • FY03 - Social, Behavioral, Economic Sciences

7. NSF Research Initiative:21st Century Workforce: FY 2001 Focus Areas • Science of learning (EHR, partnering with Dept of Education and NIH, $52M) • Enhancing educational performance (e.g., Centers for Learning and Teaching, $20M; GTF, $28M; Distinguished Teaching Scholars, $2M) • Broadening participation (Tribal Colleges, $10M) • Addressing immediate workforce requirements (Advanced Technological Education, $39M) • Networking and access (National SMET Digital Library, $27M)

8. Other FY 2001 Highlights • Cyber Security ($44M) • EPSCoR ($48M EHR, $25M R&RA) • IGERT (focus on interdisciplinary training, $31M) • CAREER ($114M, CMS received over 10% of all CAREER proposals submitted to NSF) • ADVANCE (includes both individual and institutional components

9. Directorate for Engineering FY2001 Request Assistant Director FY 2001 $456.5M $42.1M $56.2M $54.4M Bioengineering & Environmental Systems Civil & Mechanical Systems Chemical & Transport Systems Design, Manufacture, & Industrial Innovation (includes SBIR) Electrical & Communications Systems Engineering Education & Centers $58.9M $133.4M $111.6M

10. National Science Foundation Research Modes: • Workshops/U.S. attendance at International meetings • Unsolicited research (single investigator/small groups) • Special initiatives • Center-based research • Industry partnerships and international collaborations • Information centers • Education projects (research, curriculum development, informal education) NSF supported organizations include academe, professional and private sectors

11. Engineering DirectorateLeadership Louis Martin-Vega Acting Assistant Director for Engineering Elbert Marsh Deputy Assistant Director for Engineering

12. Engineering Vision Make sure that we are not “under invested” in areas of research growth or educational need nor “over invested” in continuing or mature areas, but with strong emphasis on the integration of research and education • Engineering thematic research areas • Information Technology • Engineering the Nano/Micro World - National Nanotechnology Initiative • Engineering the Environment - sensing and imaging • Biotechnology and biophotonics • Advanced manufacturing and materials • Engineering the Service World - SES and ETI • Engineering Education - CRCD, REU, RET

13. Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative (NSF 00-119) • Support research in emerging areas including: • Biosystems at nanoscale • Nanoscale structures, novel phenomena, quantum control • Device and system architecture, design tools and nanosystem specific software • Nanoscale processes in the environment • Multi-scale, multi-phenomena modeling and simulation • Studies on societal implications of nanoscale science and engineering, education and training • Support large-scale and longer duration collaborative research and educational activities

14. Engineering Education • Develop the Engineering Faculty of the Future • Reward young faculty for integrating education and research (CAREER, CRCD) • Improve faculty teaching skills (Scholars Workshops, Eng Education Coalitions) • Increase faculty diversity (ADVANCE, ERC’s) • Attract and retain the best students • Engage faculty and students in the learning process • Provide early exposure to engineering practice • Collaborative learning and peer tutoring • Increase diversity of future workforce

15. Integration of Research & Education • Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) • Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeships (IGERT) • Engineers are active participants in 15 of NSF’s 19 awards • Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) • ENG has 52 REU sites, 444 REU scholars, 171 women or underrepresented minorities • REU supplements and ERC REU sites • Others: • Graduate Research Fellowships • Minority Institutions for Excellence • Graduate Teaching Fellows in K-12 Education

16. Partnerships • Engineering Research Centers • 25-30% of support from other Federal agencies • 30% of support from private industry • Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers (I/UCRC’s) - average 10:1 NSF:industry leveraging • NSF/EPA Partnership for Environmental Research • NSF/DOE Partnership on Plasma Science and Engineering • NSF/HUD Partnership for Advancing Technology in Housing • Metabolic Engineering - partnership with eight agencies • National Nanotechnology Initiative - Federal Interagency Program with DoD, DOE, NASA, Commerce, NIH

17. International Activities • World Technology Evaluation Studies (WTEC) • Workshop on Environmentally Benign Manufacturing • Study on Tissue Engineering • US-Japan Joint Optoelectronics Project • NSF through ENG will be the lead Federal agency • US –Japan Collaboration in Earthquake Mitigation • I/UCRC - QUESTOR • University of Arizona and Queen’s University at Belfast • DMII Grantees Conference • NSF/CONACyT (Mexico)/NRC and NSERC (Canada)

18. Current Major Research Equipment (MRE) Project Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) • A high-performance collaboratory integrating experimentation, computation, data repository, model-based simulation and tele-presencing communication • Objective: revolutionize the environment for earthquake engineering research to improve seismic design and performance of infrastructure systems • $ 81.9 M investment over five years (FY00-04)

19. Future MRE Infrastructure Project Nanotechnology Experimentation and Testing Network (NEXT) • Concept: An integrated network of world-class facilities for fabrication, testing, experimental validation and process standardization in support of the National Nanotechnology Initiative • design, development and characterization of nano-materials and nano-devices; integration into components and products; and connectivity in larger-scale systems. • Supports NSF Strategic goals • Provides a unique environment for integrating research and education of faculty and students: (People) • Allows experiments/tests to be conducted simultaneously in different venues to speed validation/standardization: (Ideas) • Provides a framework for innovation to occur through collaboration with industry and national laboratories: (Tools)

20. Future Directions • FY 2001 Budget: NSF received a 13.6 % ($ 540 million) increase, including increases for • Information Technology Research • Nanotechnology • Bio and the Environment • 21st Century Workforce • Education and Human Resources • FY 2002 Budget: Not quite as promising, but.....

21. Future Directions We are confident that we will be able to make future investments in areas such as: • Nanotechnology • Optical Technologies • Wireless • Post Genomic Engineering • Multiple Scale Modeling and Simulation • Extreme Events • Nano-scale Manufacturing • Environmentally Benign Manufacturing • Integration of Research and Education

22. Civil and Mechanical Systems (CMS) Programs at the NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Dr. Priscilla P. Nelson Director, Division of Civil and Mechanical Systems Directorate for Engineering pnelson@nsf.gov, 703-292-7018

23. The Division of Civil and Mechanical Systems (CMS) The Mission of CMS: • to provide a fundamental underpinning for the engineering profession in application to mechanical systems and the constructed environment including infrastructure systems, and • to support the rapid development and deployment of new technology in service to society and to reduce risks induced by natural and technological hazards.

24. CMS Award InformationResearch Grants Only FY99 mean award size $69k/year; mean duration, 2.8 years

25. Division of Civil and Mechanical Systems • CMS is comprised of six programs: • Five disciplinary “super” programs, each with two program officers • The NEES (Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) program, with two assigned program officers

26. CMS Programs • Dynamic System Modeling, Sensing & Control (DSMSC) Program Directors: Alison Flatau (aflatau@nsf.gov) and Shi Chi Liu (on leave) • Infrastructure and Information Systems (IIS) Program Directors: William Anderson (on leave) and Miriam Heller (mheller@nsf.gov) • Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering (SMME) Program Directors: Ken Chong (kchong@nsf.gov) and Jorn Larsen Basse (jlarsenb@nsf.gov) • Structural Systems and Engineering (SSE) Program Directors: Vijaya Gopu to 3/01(vgopu@nsf.gov), Peter Chang from 3/01 (pchang@nsf.gov) and John Scalzi (jscalzi@nsf.gov) • Geotechnical and GeoHazards Systems (GHS) Program Directors: Clifford Astill (castill@nsf.gov) and Richard Fragaszy (rfragasz@nsf.gov)

27. NMR on a Chip: A Micro-NMR Device for In Situ Detection of Chlorides in Concrete RF Power & Micro-NMR Device Communications Permanent Magnet Road Salt Chloride Concentration Concrete Rebar Micro-NMR Device Permanent Magnet B: Embedded NMR Sensor A: Basic Concept for the Micro-NMR Device An inexpensive passively powered NMR system, <50 mm in size, that can be distributed throughout a volume of concrete during placement, monitor in situ the concentration of chloride ions in the surrounding concrete, and store, process, and communicate the sensed data to the surface when interrogated.

28. Optical fiber accelerometer developed by Maria Feng at UC Irvine has been implemented for health monitoring of a California bridge. The photo shows this sensor (left) being installed on the bridge together with a conventional accelerometer (right). Sensors for Civil and Mechanical Systems

29. Nondestructive Testing for Civil and Mechanical Systems Electromagnetic imaging technology successfully detected and visualized damage in the bonding interface on FRP-jacketed reinforced concrete columns. (mm) (mm)

30. People, Ideas and Tools: Priorities for CMS Research in FY2002 People: • Integration of research and education: CAREER, REU and RET • International connections: esp. earthquake/hazards • Risk taking through the SGER mode of funding • Partnership programs with industry (e.g., CAREER, PFI, EPSCoR, GOALI) and agencies (e.g., DOT, FHWA, HUD) • Building new research communities (e.g., ETI, SES, PATH) Ideas: • Nano- and micro-scale materials and sensor science and engineering • Model-based simulation - integration of experiment and analysis • Environmental design and technologies - materials and sensors • Hazards and extreme events research • Infrastructure Systems - IT and SES Tools: • Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES)

31. NSF and NEHRP • NEHRP (National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program) - FEMA, NIST, USGS and NSF • NSF Investment for NEHRP-related research is typically about $30 million annually • NEHRP-related research is primarily funded through three NSF Directorates: • Geosciences Directorate ($10 to 12 million) • SBE Directorate ($1 to 3 million) • Engineering Directorate (about $18 to 20 million) • $6 million for EERC’s • $12 to 14 million for research programs • The NEES MRE project is under NEHRP

32. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation www.eng.nsf.gov/nees • Change focus from physical testing to seamless integration of testing, analysis and simulation • Revolutionize the practice of earthquake engineering research with state-of-the-art experimental equipment and information technology • Ultimately, enable new earthquake hazard mitigation technologies: structural, geotechnical, and tsunami $82 million Major Research Equipment (MRE) project construction 2000-2004 operation 2005-2014

33. Components of NEEShttp://www.eng.nsf.gov/nees • Earthquake engineering research equipment • Networked collaboratory • Operating subsystem • Computational subsystem All equipment and the collaboratory projects completed by end of FY04 • Operation and use from FY05 through FY14 managed by the NEES Consortium

34. NEES and the Federal Budget Process:NEES Authorized FY 2000-2004 Annual Requested Appropriation ($ million, current inflation-adjusted dollars)

35. NEES Earthquake EngineeringTesting Equipment and Facilities • Equipment Categories • Shake tables • Centrifuges • Tsunami/wave tank • Large-scale laboratory experimentation systems • Field Installations • Equipment Proposal Competitions • Phase 1 ($45 million) - 11 awards • Phase 2 (est. $15 to $20 million) • announcement to be issued in Fall, 2001 • 5 to 10 additional awards expected

36. Structural Modeling: Strong Walls and Shake Tables Structural Engineering Earthquake Simulation Lab, SUNY Buffalo http://civil.eng.buffalo.edu/SEESL/

37. NEES Systems IntegrationPhase 1 - Scoping Study In 8/00, an award was made to UIUC to conduct a Scoping Study “The NEESgrid project” http://neesgrid.org • Assess NEES-related Earthquake community requirements • Report with detailed design and proof-of-concept demonstration due 2/01 • NSF review 3/01 for possible $10 million award in Summer 2001

38. The NEES Consortium • Consortium Development award in FY01 (NSF01-56) will develop the leadership, management, and coordination for the NEES collaboratory from beyond 2005 through 2014. • The NEES Consortium will: • Maintain and operate the NEES collaboratory and equipment sites • Develop and implement shared-use access and data policies • Support continued equipment and technology development • Establish national and international partnerships • Develop outreach and training activities for use of the NEES

39. Bioengineering and Environmental Systems (BES) Programs at the NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Dr. Bruce Hamilton Acting Director, BES Division Directorate for Engineering bhamilto@nsf.gov

40. Bioengineering and EnvironmentalSystems (BES) • BES has 3 “disciplinary” clusters, each funded at about $11 million/year • Biomedical Engineering (BME) • Biochemical Engineering (BCE) • Environmental Engineering (BEE)

41. BES PRIORITY AREAS FOR RESEARCH • Tissue Engineering • Metabolic Engineering • Post-Genomic QSB • Nanobiotech • EBM • Phytoremediation • Biophotonics

42. Nanobiotechnology:Biosystems at Nanoscale Nanobiotechnology is defined as the study and control of structure-function in biological systems and processes at the nanoscale. Two of the grand challenges in Nanoscale Science and Engineering in which BES/ENG has strong interest are • Advanced healthcare, therapeutics and diagnostics and • Nanoscale processes for environmental improvement DNA molecules are about 2.5 nanometers wide. Ten hydrogen atoms span 1 nanometer. (Credit: Liz Carroll)

43. Chemical and Transport Systems (CTS) Programs at the NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Dr. Esin Gulari Director, Division of Chemical and Transport Systems Directorate for Engineering

44. CTS Division Programs • Chemical Reaction Processes • Kinetics, Catalysis & Molecular Processes • Process & Reaction Engineering • Thermal Systems • Thermal Transport & Thermal Processing • Combustion & Plasma Systems • Interfacial, Transport & Separation Processes • Interfacial, Transport & Thermodynamics • Separation & Purification Processes • Fluid, Particulate & Hydraulic Systems • Particulate & Multiphase Processes • Fluid Dynamics & Hydraulics

45. Target Areas for CTS Investments • Development of Functional Materials and Processes by Integrating Nano-, Micro-, and Macro-scale Phenomena • Particle and film formation via self-assembly, combustion, and plasma processes • New catalysts/biocatalysts for selectivity and energy efficiency • Nanoporous membranes for separations • Microscale reactors to produce designed molecules • Sensors and actuators for process design and control • High-end computing tools for design, processing and manufacturing • Green Engineering • New catalysts for alternate feedstocks and less waste • Cleaner efficient energy conversion systems • Plasma processes for hazardous waste treatment • Benign solvents in materials processing and separations • Non-polluting chemical process design and control strategies • Biotechnology • Selective reaction and separation processes for production of high-value and therapeutic molecules

46. NSF/EPA Partnership for Environmental Research • Technology for a Sustainable Environment • General Areas of Research Projects for the FY 2001 Announcement: • Chemistry and Chemical Reaction-based Engineering for Pollution Avoidance or Prevention • Non-reaction-based Engineering for Pollution Avoidance and Prevention • Green Design, Manufacturing, and Industrial Ecology for Sustainable Product/Services Realization

47. Design, Manufacture and Industrial Innovation (DMII) Programs at the NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION Dr. Kesh Narayanan Acting Director, Division of Design, Manufacture and Industrial Innovation Directorate for Engineering

48. SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR)SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) Joe Hennessey jhenness@nsf.gov

49. Taxes Federal Investment SBIR “Innovation” Model Private Sector Investment/ Non-SBIR Federal Funds (before/during/after!) PHASE I Feasibility Research PHASE II Research towards Prototype PHASE III Product Development to Commercial Market

50. TOTAL ~ $1.1B Participating Agencies • DOD • HHS • NASA • DOE • NSF $62M SBIR/STTR • USDA • DOC • EPA • DOT • DoED