Two- Dimensional (2D) Instructional Media

1. Two- Dimensional (2D) Instructional Media

2. Bords • Chalkboard • Also kwon as Blackboard • Variety colors but most color is green • It is also used as a surface where are pictures, poster, graphs, charts, etc. are posted to supplement instruction.

3. 2. Whiteboards and Magnetic Boards • Some called Multipurpose Boards • Are those with a glossy surfaces , commonly white in color, where non-permanent markings are made with the use of special felt pens.

4. Tips for effective Use of Chalkboard, Whiteboard, and Magnetic Board • Prepare a board plan. • Always start wit a clean slate. • Write the outline of the day’s lesson. • Write clearly and legibly. • A glare on the board might be a problem to your student. • Words are easier to read when written in print than in script.

5. g. Write neatly and horizontally. h. Do not crowd the board with too much information. i. Decide on how to emphasize various points. j. Use masking tape when posting something on the board. k. Lines on the board are needed. l. Erase all unrelated materials. m. Keep erase clean and erase the writing on the board with straight up and down strokes rather than in circle. n. Give students time to copy what you have written. o. Talk to the students, not to the board. p. Always clean the board after use.

6. 3. Cloth Board (Felt, Fannel, and Carpet) • these kind of boards are best use for drills, positioning exercise, describing flow patterns, explaining relationship, and for short term display.

7. 4.Hook and Loop Boards (Velcro Bords) • Similar fashion with cloth boards • It has enough holding power to cause even heavy materials to stay on the board.

8. 5. Pegboards • Used in displaying three-dimensional objects or heavy materials with the use of hooks inserted into the board.

9. Graphic Materials 1.Drawing and Sketches • Employ the use of lines, either simple or crude. Drawing – are more finished and representational. Sketches – lack details such a stick figure.

10. 2. Cartoons • This pictorial representation of a person, idea or situation should be drawn around a single idea and represented challenging manner. • Can be used a springboard for a lesson, for a follow-up or evaluation purposes.

11. 3. Strip Drawing • A cast of characters enacts a story in a sequence of the closely related drawings. • It can also be used for motivation or starter for a lesson.

12. 4. Posters • Combination of lines, images, color, and words. • Make sure that it is appropriate to the grade level subject, and purpose.

13. 5. Charts • Graphic presentation. Types of charts: a. Organization charts – these show organization’s structure or chain of command.

14. b. Classification charts – the purpose is to show the classification or categorization objects, events or species. c. Time lines – is a sequence different events or the relationship of people and events. d. Tabular charts or Tables - contain numerical information or data in a table or columns.

15. e. Flowchart or Process chart – a process, sequence or procedure. f. Tree or Stream charts – to show change , growth or development by beginning with a single course and the spread out into many branches. g. Gannt chart – is an activity time chart that illustrate the start and finish data of a certain activity or project.

16. 6. Graphs • This kind of graphic make analysis and interpretation of numerical information easier. Types of charts: a.Line graphs – plotting trends of relationships between series of data.

17. b. Bar graphs – simplest and easier to read. Its length represents the horizontal or vertical bars. c. Pie graph or Circle graph– represent the whole amount and its part are calculated in percentage or fractional parts. d. Area or Solid graphs– they are used to compare several related totals thru the use of geometric shapes.

18. e.Pictorial graphs or pictographs – utilize related pictures or drawing to show numerical data. 7. Diagram • Any line drawing that shows arrangement and relations as of part of the whole.

19. Types of diagram: a. Cluster or Cloud diagram– it helps students see patterns in their ideas and help systematize the generation of ideas based upon a central topic. b. Chain of Events– illustrate the stages of an event, the actions of a character on the steps in a procedure.

20. c. Fishbone Mapping– to show causal interaction of a complex event. d. Cycle – series of events interact to produce a set of results such as the life cycle. e. Compare / Contrast– a diagram that is used to show similarities and differences. f. Venn Diagram – to show the relationship between sets, similarities and differences between characters stories or poem.

21. 8. Maps (Flat Maps) a. Political Maps– show the territories and boundaries. b. Physical Maps– show the data like altitude, temperature, rainfall, precipitation, vegetation, and soil. c. Commercial or Economic Maps– show the variety of information like the economic produce of the different regions.

22. 9. Flip Chart • To present information sequentially or for one to continue to a new page. Pictures and Photographs Pictures – representation of visual images which includes drawing, photographs, and magazines or any medium open to the artist’ interpretation.

23. Photograph– only includes those images that were recorded by a camera. • Therefore , all photographs are pictures but not all pictures are photographs. Postcards Commercially printed with space on one side for an address and postage stamp used for sending a short message through mail

24. Flashcards • Used for drill activities in teaching certain topic. • Make sure that the flashcard is big and bold enough to de seen by everybody.