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QOD 12 /15. What type of military strategy was used by the United States to defeat the Japanese in the war in the Pacific. Explain. Bataan Death March. In December, 1941, Japanese forces also attacked the island of the Philippines (controlled by U.S.)
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QOD 12/15 • What type of military strategy was used by the United States to defeat the Japanese in the war in the Pacific. Explain.
Bataan Death March • In December, 1941, Japanese forces also attacked the island of the Philippines (controlled by U.S.) • American forces in the Philippines attempted to hold Japanese forces back • 80,000 American and Filipino troops led by General MacArthur were forced to retreat to the Bataan Peninsula
Bataan Death March • In Bataan, American forces suffered huge losses due to combat, malaria, and a Japanese blockade of the island • Due to severe losses, FDR ordered General MacArthur to leave the Philippines • “I shall return”
Bataan Death March • After MacArthur’s departure, American forces surrendered to the Japanese in April, 1942 • The Japanese captured 70,000 troops, and forced them to walk 60 miles to San Fernando, where they were sent to prison camps • 14,000 prisoners died on the march
Activity • With a partner, read the interview from a survivor of the Bataan Death March • After you have read the interview, EACH PERSON is to complete a journal entry assuming the role of a survivor of the Death March • The journal entry should be one paragraph in length and describe the hardships faced by the survivor
QOD 12/16 • How did many Americans feel after the attack at Pearl Harbor in December, 1941?
Doolittle Raid • On April 18, 1942, Lt. General James Doolittle & his men launched an attack on the Japanese capital of Tokyo, and other key Japanese cities • This was the first attack on the Japanese mainland during WWII
QOD 12/17 • What region in the Pacific was vital for US victory against Japan? (Hint: What was our home base?)
Battle of Coral Sea • May, 1942 • American forces stopped the Japanese in their drive toward Australia • Fighting mostly done by airplanes due to low visibility • Americans force Japanese to retreat • 1st time since Pearl Harbor Japanese had been stopped
Battle of Midway • June, 1942 • Japan’s next move was to attack the strategic island of Midway (located in Central Pacific; 1,000 miles north of Hawaii) • Americans broke Japanese codes & knew of this planned attack • Americans moved swiftly to defend the island
Battle of Midway • Japanese were caught off guard & suffered huge devastation • Turning point of war in the Pacific because it allowed U.S. to implement our “island hopping” strategy to gain back land & move closer to main island Japan
Allied Offensive • From 1942-1944, Americans captured: • Guadalcanal • Tarawa • Marshall Islands • Marianas Islands • Philippines
Battle of Iwo Jima • Feb., 1945 • After MacArthur recaptured the Philippines, his forces headed towards Iwo Jima • Iwo Jima was a strategic island to capture due to its natural defenses (Americans wanted to build a naval base on this island to launch an attack on main island Japan)
Battle of Iwo Jima • However, the island was heavily defended with Japanese forces entrenched in tunnels and caves • Americans suffered great losses on this island, but were able to defeat the Japanese
Battle of Okinawa • April, 1945 • After Iwo Jima, American forces were getting closer to the Mainland of Japan with the invasion of Okinawa • During the battle, the Japanese unleashed kamikaze attacks and bushido mentality with ritual suicides over the shame of surrender
Battle of Okinawa • By June, American forces has secured Okinawa (& the Philippines), & were able to launch its attack on mainland Japan
