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Understanding the Present Perfect Tense in Spanish

Learn how to form the present perfect tense in Spanish using the helping verb "haber" and past participles. Examples provided. Irregularities explained.

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Understanding the Present Perfect Tense in Spanish

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  1. El presente perfecto ¿Qué es el presente perfecto? Thepresentperfectisformedbycombining a helpingverb (“have” or “has”) withthepastparticiple

  2. Thepresentperfectisformedbycombining a helpingverb (“have” or “has”) withthepastparticiple • Forexample: • I haveplayedtennis. • Shehas sung at weddings. • Wehaveflown in a plane. • In Spanishweformthepresentparticiplebycombiningthepresent tense of theverbhaber (thehelpingverb, orel verbo auxiliar)with a pastparticiple • Forexample: • Yo he bailado. I havedanced. • Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen. Wehavenotstudiedfortheexam.

  3. The present tense of haber

  4. Remember… How to form the past participle: • For –ar verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ado Example: comprar → comprado • For –er and –ir verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ido Example: tener → tenido

  5. Para formar… Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar:

  6. Try itwith comer:

  7. Not exactly irregular but… -er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending in –ído caer → caído creer → creído leer → leído oír → oído reír → reído traer → traído

  8. Irregulars The following verbs have irregular past participles ending in –to: abrir → abierto cubrir → cubierto descubrir → descubierto escribir → escrito morir → muerto poner → puesto romper → roto ver → visto volver → vuelto

  9. More irregulars These verbs have irregular past participles ending in –cho: decir → dicho hacer → hecho

  10. El presente perfecto ¿Qué es el presente perfecto? Thepresentperfectisformedbycombining a helpingverb (“have” or “has”) withthepastparticiple

  11. Thepresentperfectisformedbycombining a helpingverb (“have” or “has”) withthepastparticiple • Forexample: • I haveplayedtennis. • Shehas sung at weddings. • Wehaveflown in a plane. • In Spanishweformthepresentparticiplebycombiningthepresent tense of theverbhaber (thehelpingverb, orel verbo auxiliar)with a pastparticiple • Forexample: • Yo he bailado. I havedanced. • Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen. Wehavenotstudiedfortheexam.

  12. The present tense of haber

  13. Remember… Howtoformthepastparticiple: • For –arverbs, takethestem of theverb and add –ado Example: comprar → • For–er and –irverbs, takethestem of theverb and add–ido Example: tener →

  14. Para formar… Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar:

  15. Try itwith comer:

  16. Not exactly irregular but… -erand –ir verbswhosestemsend in a vowelhavepastparticiplesending in –ído caer → creer → leer → oír → reír → traer →

  17. Irregulars Thefollowingverbshave irregular pastparticiplesending in –to: abrir → cubrir → descubrir → escribir → morir → poner → romper → ver → volver →

  18. More irregulars Theseverbshave irregular pastparticiplesending in –cho: decir → hacer →

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